latex-math-mode.md

LaTeX MATH MODE CHEAT SHEET

The math mode of LaTex.

Table of Contents

• DECLARING MATH MODE
• FORMATTING MULTIPLE EQUATIONS
• MATH EXAMPLES
• TEXT EXAMPLES

Documentation and Reference

• LaTex
• LaTeX graphs
• LaTeX math mode document
• LaTeX math mode reference
• KaTeX Supported Functions
• KaTeX Support Symbols
• mathurl.com to help build your formulas

DECLARING MATH MODE

First, there are three ways to declare math mode in LaTeX,

1. In-line mode using $
2. Block mode using $$
3. Block mode using begin{equation} ... end{equation}

In-line Mode

Einstein's equation
$E=mc^2$
represent energy is equal to matter multiplied by the speed of light squared.

Einstein's equation $E=mc^2$ represent energy is equal to matter multiplied by the speed of light squared.

Block Mode

$$
E=mc^2
$$

$$ E=mc^2 $$

Block Mode using begin{equation}

\begin{equation}
   E=mc^2
\end{equation}

$$ \begin{equation} E=mc^2 \end{equation} $$

FORMATTING MULTIPLE EQUATIONS

There are two main ways to format multiple equations in LaTeX math mode,

• begin{aligned}...end{aligned} - Will align on an ampersand
• begin{gathered}...end{gathered} - Every equation centered

Block mode (using aligned)

$$
\begin{aligned}
    a&=b+c \\
    d+e&=f
\end{aligned}
$$

$$ \begin{aligned} a&=b+c \\ d+e&=f \end{aligned} $$

Block mode (using gathered)

$$
\begin{gathered}
    a=b+c \\
    d+e=f
\end{gathered}
$$

$$ \begin{gathered} a=b+c \\ d+e=f \end{gathered} $$

MATH EXAMPLES

For brevity, the dollar sign delimiters are not shown.

Einsteins famous equation

E=mc^2

$$ E=mc^2 $$

Pythagorean Theorem

x^n + y^n = z^n

$$ x^n + y^n = z^n $$

Pythagorean theorem (add numbers)

\qquad \qquad
    x^n + y^n = z^n
\qquad \qquad (4)

$$ \qquad \qquad x^n + y^n = z^n \qquad \qquad (4) $$

Square root

\sqrt[3]{x}

$$ \sqrt[3]{x} $$

Multiple equations (gathered)

\begin{gathered}
    a=b+c \\
    d+e=f
\end{gathered}

$$ \begin{gathered} a=b+c \\ d+e=f \end{gathered} $$

Multiple equations (aligned on ampersand &)

\begin{aligned}
    a&=b+c \\
    d+e&=f
\end{aligned}

$$ \begin{aligned} a&=b+c \\ d+e&=f \end{aligned} $$

Alignment and spacing (on equal sign)

\begin{aligned}
    f(x) =& x^2\! +3x\! +2 \\
    f(x) =& x^2+3x+2 \\
    f(x) =& x^2\, +3x\, +2 \\
    f(x) =& x^2\: +3x\: +2 \\
    f(x) =& x^2\; +3x\; +2 \\
    f(x) =& x^2\ +3x\ +2 \\
    f(x) =& x^2\quad +3x\quad +2 \\
    f(x) =& x^2\qquad +3x\qquad +2
\end{aligned}

$$ \begin{aligned} f(x) =& x^2! +3x! +2 \\ f(x) =& x^2+3x+2 \\ f(x) =& x^2, +3x, +2 \\ f(x) =& x^2: +3x: +2 \\ f(x) =& x^2; +3x; +2 \\ f(x) =& x^2\ +3x\ +2 \\ f(x) =& x^2\quad +3x\quad +2 \\ f(x) =& x^2\qquad +3x\qquad +2 \end{aligned} $$

An integral

\int_{a}^{b} x^2 dx

$$ \int_{a}^{b} x^2 dx $$

Limits

\lim_{x\to\infty} f(x)

$$ \lim_{x\to\infty} f(x) $$

Some trigonometry

\sin(a + b ) = \sin(a)\cos(b) + \cos(a)\sin(b)

$$ \sin(a + b ) = \sin(a)\cos(b) + \cos(a)\sin(b) $$

Fractions (binomial coefficients)

\binom{n}{k} = \frac{n!}{k!(n-k)!}

$$ \binom{n}{k} = \frac{n!}{k!(n-k)!} $$

Brackets

\left( \frac{x}{y} \right)

$$ \left( \frac{x}{y} \right) $$

Bracket array

\left(
    \begin{array}{ccc}
        1 & 2 & 3\\
        4 & 4 & 9\\
        1 & -8 & 2
    \end{array}
\right)

$$ \left( \begin{array}{ccc} 1 & 2 & 3\\ 4 & 4 & 9\\ 1 & -8 & 2 \end{array} \right) $$

Arrays in Brackets with spacing (\qquad)

\left(
    \begin{array}{ccc}
        1 & 2 & 3\\
        4 & 5 & 9\\
        1 & -8 & 2
    \end{array}
\right)
\qquad
\left[
    \begin{array}{ccc}
        1 & 5 & 8\\
        0 & 2 & 4\\
        3 & 3 & -8
    \end{array}
\right]

$$ \left( \begin{array}{ccc} 1 & 2 & 3\\ 4 & 5 & 9\\ 1 & -8 & 2 \end{array} \right) \qquad \left[ \begin{array}{ccc} 1 & 5 & 8\\ 0 & 2 & 4\\ 3 & 3 & -8 \end{array} \right] $$

Some cool arrows

A
\xleftarrow[]{
    \text{this way} }
B
\xrightarrow[]{
    \text{or that way}}
C

$$ A \xleftarrow[]{ \text{this way} } B \xrightarrow[]{ \text{or that way}} C $$

Cases

u(x) =
\begin{cases}
    \exp{x} & \text{if } x \geq 0 \\
    1       & \text{if } x < 0
\end{cases}

$$ u(x) = \begin{cases} \exp{x} & \text{if } x \geq 0 \\ 1 & \text{if } x < 0 \end{cases} $$

Getting fancy

\begin{align*}
    E_1 & = \frac{e_{1max}}{\sqrt{2}}\\
    & = \frac{N_1.{\phi}_m.w}{\sqrt{2}}\\
    & = \frac{N_1{\phi}_m.2\pi.f}{\sqrt{2}}\\
    \\
    E_1 & = 4.44 N_1.{\phi}_m.f \\
    \\
    E_1 &= \boxed{4.44 N_1.B_m.A.f}
\end{align*}

$$ \begin{align*} E_1 & = \frac{e_{1max}}{\sqrt{2}}\\ & = \frac{N_1.{\phi}_m.w}{\sqrt{2}}\\ & = \frac{N_1{\phi}_m.2\pi.f}{\sqrt{2}}\\ \\ E_1 & = 4.44 N_1.{\phi}_m.f \\ \\ E_1 &= \boxed{4.44 N_1.B_m.A.f} \end{align*} $$

TEXT EXAMPLES

Some big text

\huge\text{Hello Jeff}

$$ \huge\text{Hello Jeff} $$