Add function for AND gate (#7593)

Author: arjitarora26

boolean_algebra/and_gate.py

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+"""
+An AND Gate is a logic gate in boolean algebra which results to 1 (True) if both the
+inputs are 1, and 0 (False) otherwise.
+
+Following is the truth table of an AND Gate:
+    ------------------------------
+    | Input 1 | Input 2 | Output |
+    ------------------------------
+    |    0    |    0    |    0   |
+    |    0    |    1    |    0   |
+    |    1    |    0    |    0   |
+    |    1    |    1    |    1   |
+    ------------------------------
+
+Refer - https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/logic-gates-in-python/
+"""
+
+
+def and_gate(input_1: int, input_2: int) -> int:
+    """
+    Calculate AND of the input values
+
+    >>> and_gate(0, 0)
+    0
+    >>> and_gate(0, 1)
+    0
+    >>> and_gate(1, 0)
+    0
+    >>> and_gate(1, 1)
+    1
+    """
+    return int((input_1, input_2).count(0) == 0)
+
+
+def test_and_gate() -> None:
+    """
+    Tests the and_gate function
+    """
+    assert and_gate(0, 0) == 0
+    assert and_gate(0, 1) == 0
+    assert and_gate(1, 0) == 0
+    assert and_gate(1, 1) == 1
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    print(and_gate(0, 0))
+    print(and_gate(0, 1))
+    print(and_gate(1, 1))