Fix deprecation logging config in Docker (#61840)

PR #61474 reworked deprecation logging to rely more heavily on log4j. Unfortunately,
the changes required to log4j's configuration were not applied to the version we ship
with the Docker image.

Author: pugnascotia

distribution/docker/src/docker/config/log4j2.properties

@@ -13,10 +13,15 @@ appender.deprecation_rolling.name = deprecation_rolling
 appender.deprecation_rolling.layout.type = ESJsonLayout
 appender.deprecation_rolling.layout.type_name = deprecation
 appender.deprecation_rolling.layout.esmessagefields=x-opaque-id
+appender.deprecation_rolling.filter.rate_limit.type = RateLimitingFilter
+
+appender.header_warning.type = HeaderWarningAppender
+appender.header_warning.name = header_warning
 
 logger.deprecation.name = org.elasticsearch.deprecation
-logger.deprecation.level = warn
+logger.deprecation.level = deprecation
 logger.deprecation.appenderRef.deprecation_rolling.ref = deprecation_rolling
+logger.deprecation.appenderRef.header_warning.ref = header_warning
 logger.deprecation.additivity = false
 
 appender.index_search_slowlog_rolling.type = Console