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* Updated preferences.rst
* Added into FAQ info about SPIFFS failed mount
* Updated troubleshooting
* Moved SPIFFS paragraph from FAQ to troubleshooting
* Minor updates
* Updated troubleshooting
* Updated SD README files and example comments
* Updated troubleshooting with SD issue
* Added note about S3 pins
* Updated SDMMC test setPins calls + added definition for default pins
* Updated SD_MMC comments
* Added pin table to SD_MMC readme
* Updated table in SD_SPI
* Updated based on comments
* Update io_mux.rst
* Update README.md
To be able to upload the sketch via serial interface, the ESP32 must be in the download mode. The download mode allows you to upload the sketch over the serial port and to get into it, you need to keep the **GPIO0** in LOW while a resetting (**EN** pin) cycle.
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To be able to upload the sketch via the serial interface, the ESP32 must be in the download mode. The download mode allows you to upload the sketch over the serial port, and to get into it, you need to keep the **GPIO0** in LOW while resetting (**EN** pin) the cycle.
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If you are trying to upload a new sketch and your board is not responding, there are some possible reasons.
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Possible fatal error message from the Arduino IDE:
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Solution
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^^^^^^^^
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Here are some steps that you can try to:
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Here are some steps that you can try:
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* Check your USB cable and try a new one.
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* Change the USB port.
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* Check your USB cable and try a new one (some cables are only for charging and there is no data connection).
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* Change the USB port - prefer direct connection to the computer and avoid USB hubs. Some USB ports may share the power source with other ports used, for example, for charging a phone.
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* Check your power supply.
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* Make sure that nothing is connected to pins labeled **TX** and **RX**. Please refer to the pin layout table - some TX and RX pins may not be labeled on the dev board.
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* In some instances, you must keep **GPIO0** LOW during the uploading process via the serial interface.
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* Hold down the **“BOOT”** button in your ESP32 board while uploading/flashing.
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* Hold down the **“BOOT”** button on your ESP32 board while uploading/flashing.
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* Solder a **10uF** capacitor in parallel with **RST** and **GND**.
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* If you are using external power connected to pins, it is easy to confuse pins **CMD** (which is usually next to the 5V pin) and **GND**.
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In some development boards, you can try adding the reset delay circuit, as described in the *Power-on Sequence* section on the `ESP32 Hardware Design Guidelines <https://www.espressif.com/sites/default/files/documentation/esp32_hardware_design_guidelines_en.pdf>`_ in order to get into the download mode automatically.
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In some development boards, you can try adding the reset delay circuit, as described in the *Power-on Sequence* section on the `ESP32 Hardware Design Guidelines <https://www.espressif.com/sites/default/files/documentation/esp32_hardware_design_guidelines_en.pdf>`_ to get into the download mode automatically.
Try enforcing format on fail in your code by adding ``true`` in the ``begin`` method such as this:
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.. code-block:: c++
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SPIFFS.begin(true);
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See the method prototype for reference: ``bool begin(bool formatOnFail=false, const char * basePath="/spiffs", uint8_t maxOpenFiles=10, const char * partitionLabel=NULL);``
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SD card mount fail
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------------------
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Even though you made sure that the pins are correctly connected, and not using restricted pins, you may still get an error such as this:
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.. code-block:: shell
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[ 1065][E][sd_diskio.cpp:807] sdcard_mount(): f_mount failed: (3) The physical drive cannot work
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Most of the problems originate from a poor connection caused by prototyping cables/wires, and one of the best solutions is to **solder all the connections** or use good quality connectors.
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Note that with SD_MMC lib all the data pins need to be pulled up with an external 10k to 3.3V. This applies especially to card's D3 which needs to be pulled up even when using 1-bit line connection and the D3 is not used.
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If you want to try the software approach before soldering, try manually specifying SPI pins, like this:
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.. code-block:: c++
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int SD_CS_PIN = 19;
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SPI.begin(18, 36, 26, SD_CS_PIN);
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SPI.setDataMode(SPI_MODE0);
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SD.begin(SD_CS_PIN);
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ESP32-S3 is rebooting even with a bare minimum sketch
Some ESP32-S3 boards are equipped with Quad SPI (QSPI) or Octal SPI (OPI) PSRAM. If you upload such a board with default settings for ESP32-S3, it will result in rebooting with a message similar to this:
To fix the issue, you will need to find out the precise module you are using and set **PSRAM** in the Arduino IDE Tools according to the following table.
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How to determine the module version:
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------------------------------------
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* First determine if you have a `WROOM-1 <https://www.espressif.com/sites/default/files/documentation/esp32-s3-wroom-1_wroom-1u_datasheet_en.pdf>`_ or `WROOM-2 <https://www.espressif.com/sites/default/files/documentation/esp32-s3-wroom-2_datasheet_en.pdf>`_ module - this is written on the module shielding almost at the top, right under the ESP logo and company name (Espresif) right after the ESP32-S3 - for example ESP32-S3-WROOM-2.
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* Then locate the version code on left bottom corner on the module shielding. The markings are very small and it might be really difficult to read with naked eyes - try using a camera with careful lighting.
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With this knowledge find your module in the table and note what is written in the **PSRAM** column.
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- If the results is empty (-) you don't need to change anything
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- For QSPI go to Tools > PSRAM > QSPI PSRAM
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- For OPI go to Tools > PSRAM > OPI PSRAM
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Note that WROOM-2 has always OPI.
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+---------+--------+------------+-------+
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| Module | Code | Flash Mode | PSRAM |
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+=========+========+============+=======+
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| WROOM-1 | N4 | QSPI | - |
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+---------+--------+------------+-------+
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| WROOM-1 | N8 | QSPI | - |
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+---------+--------+------------+-------+
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| WROOM-1 | N16 | QSPI | - |
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+---------+--------+------------+-------+
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| WROOM-1 | H4 | QSPI | - |
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+---------+--------+------------+-------+
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| WROOM-1 | N4R2 | QSPI | QSPI |
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+---------+--------+------------+-------+
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| WROOM-1 | N8R2 | QSPI | QSPI |
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+---------+--------+------------+-------+
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| WROOM-1 | N16R2 | QSPI | QSPI |
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+---------+--------+------------+-------+
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| WROOM-1 | N4R8 | QSPI | OPI |
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+---------+--------+------------+-------+
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| WROOM-1 | N8R8 | QSPI | OPI |
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+---------+--------+------------+-------+
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| WROOM-1 | N16R8 | QSPI | OPI |
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+---------+--------+------------+-------+
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| WROOM-2 | N16R8V | OPI | OPI |
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+---------+--------+------------+-------+
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| WROOM-2 | N16R8V | OPI | OPI |
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+---------+--------+------------+-------+
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| WROOM-2 | N32R8V | OPI | OPI |
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+---------+--------+------------+-------+
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Further Help
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------------
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If you encounter any other issues or need further assistance, please consult the `ESP32 Arduino Core <https://github.com/espressif/arduino-esp32>`_ documentation or seek help from the `ESP32 community forums <https://esp32.com>`_.
Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: docs/source/tutorials/cdc_dfu_flash.rst
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It's important that your board includes the USB connector attached to the embedded USB from the SoC. If your board doesn't have the USB connector, you can attach an external one to the USB pins.
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These instructions it will only work on the supported devices with the embedded USB peripheral. This tutorial will not work if you are using an external USB-to-serial converter like FTDI, CP2102, CH340, etc.
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These instructions will only work on the supported devices with the embedded USB peripheral. This tutorial will not work if you are using an external USB-to-serial converter like FTDI, CP210x, CH340, etc.
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For a complete reference to the Arduino IDE tools menu, please see the `Tools Menus <../guides/tools_menu.html>`_ reference guide.
Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: docs/source/tutorials/io_mux.rst
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* Some of the GPIOs are **INPUT** only.
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* Some peripherals have output signals and must be used on GPIO's capable to be configured as **OUTPUT**.
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* Some peripherals, mostly the high speed ones, ADC, DAC, Touch, and JTAG use dedicated GPIOs pins.
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* Some pins are used to connect flash memory on the module - this prevents them from any other use - if a peripheral is routed to one of these pins the device will not be able to boot.
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.. warning::
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Before assigning the peripheral pins in your design, double check if the pins you're using are appropriate.
This library provides the integration of ESP32 and SD (Secure Digital) cards without additional modules.
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This library provides the integration of ESP32 and SD (Secure Digital) and MMC (Multi Media Card) cards without additional modules. This library is using SPI to interface with the cards. Please note that SPI mode is slower than the intended SD or MMC mode, however, provides more flexibility as the SPI module is available on all ESP SoCs and can be routed to any GPIO through GPIO matrix.
**Do I need any additional modules, like Arduino SD module?**
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**Do I need any additional modules**, like **the **Arduino**** SD module**?**
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No, just wire your SD card directly to ESP32.
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Tip: If you are using a microSD card and have a spare adapter to full-sized SD, you can solder Dupont pins on the adapter.
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**What is the difference between SD and SD_MMC libraries?**
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SD runs on SPI, and SD_MMC uses the SDMMC hardware bus on the ESP32.
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**Can I change the CS pin?**
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Yes, just use: `SD.begin(CSpin)`
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The SPI uses 4 communication pins + 2 power connections and operates on up to 80MHz. The SPI option offers flexibility on pin connection because the data connections can be routed through GPIO matrix to any data pin.
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SD-SPI speed is approximately half of the SD-MMC even when used on 1-bit line.
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You can read more about SD SPI in the [documentation](https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/latest/esp32/api-reference/peripherals/sdspi_host.html)
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SD_MMC is supported only by ESP32 and ESP32-S3 and can be connected only to dedicated pins. SD_MMC allows to use of 1, 4 or 8 data pins + 2 additional communication pins and 2 power pins. The data pins need to be pulled up externally.
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You can read more about SD_MMC in the [documentation](https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/latest/esp32/api-reference/peripherals/sdmmc_host.html)
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1-bit: SD_MMC_ speed is approximately two-times faster than SPI mode
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4-bit: SD_MMC speed is approximately three-times faster than SPI mode.
On ESP32, SD_MMC peripheral is connected to specific GPIO pins and cannot be changed (rerouted). Please see the table below for the pin connections.
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When using an ESP-WROVER-KIT board, this example runs without any extra modifications required. Only an SD card needs to be inserted into the slot.
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ESP32 pin | SD card pin | Notes
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--------------|-------------|------------
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GPIO14 (MTMS) | CLK | 10k pullup in SD mode
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GPIO15 (MTDO) | CMD | 10k pullup in SD mode
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GPIO2 | D0 | 10k pullup in SD mode, pull low to go into download mode (see Note about GPIO2 below!)
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GPIO4 | D1 | not used in 1-line SD mode; 10k pullup in 4-line SD mode
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GPIO12 (MTDI) | D2 | not used in 1-line SD mode; 10k pullup in 4-line SD mode (see Note about GPIO12 below!)
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GPIO13 (MTCK) | D3 | not used in 1-line SD mode, but card's D3 pin must have a 10k pullup
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### Pin assignments for ESP32-S3
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On ESP32-S3, SDMMC peripheral is connected to GPIO pins using GPIO matrix. This allows arbitrary GPIOs to be used to connect an SD card or MMC. The GPIOs can be configured with the following commands:
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```
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setPins(int clk, int cmd, int d0))
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setPins(int clk, int cmd, int d0, int d1, int d2, int d3))
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```
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The table below lists the default pin assignments.
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When using an ESP32-S3-USB-OTG board, this example runs without any extra modifications required. Only an SD card needs to be inserted into the slot.
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ESP32-S3 pin | SD card pin | Notes
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--------------|-------------|------------
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GPIO36 | CLK | 10k pullup
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GPIO35 | CMD | 10k pullup
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GPIO37 | D0 | 10k pullup
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GPIO38 | D1 | not used in 1-line SD mode; 10k pullup in 4-line mode
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GPIO33 | D2 | not used in 1-line SD mode; 10k pullup in 4-line mode
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GPIO34 | D3 | not used in 1-line SD mode, but card's D3 pin must have a 10k pullup
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Warning: ESP32-S3-WROOM-2 is using most of the default GPIOs (33-37) to interface with on-board OPI flash. If the SD_MMC is initialized with default pins it will result in rebooting loop - please reassign the pins elsewhere using the mentioned command `setPins`.
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> **Note:** ESP32-S3-DevKitC-1 v1.1 does NOT have GPIOs 33 and 34 broken out, so it will be necessary to change at least the pin for D2 and D3.
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### 4-line and 1-line SD modes
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By default, this library uses 4-bit line mode, utilizing 6 pins: CLK, CMD, D0 - D3 and 2 power lines (3.3V and GND). It is possible to use 1-bit line mode (CLK, CMD, D0, 3.3V, GND) by passing the second argument `mode1bit==true`:
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```
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SD_MMC.begin("/sdcard", true);
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```
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> **Note:** Even if card's D3 line is not connected to the ESP chip, it still has to be pulled up, otherwise the card will go into SPI protocol mode.
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### Note about GPIO2 (ESP32 only)
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GPIO2 pin is used as a bootstrapping pin, and should be low to enter UART download mode. One way to do this is to connect GPIO0 and GPIO2 using a jumper, and then the auto-reset circuit on most development boards will pull GPIO2 low along with GPIO0, when entering download mode.
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- Some boards have pulldown and/or LED on GPIO2. LED is usually ok, but pulldown will interfere with D0 signals and must be removed. Check the schematic of your development board for anything connected to GPIO2.
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### Note about GPIO12 (ESP32 only)
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GPIO12 is used as a bootstrapping pin to select output voltage of an internal regulator which powers the flash chip (VDD_SDIO). This pin has an internal pulldown so if left unconnected it will read low at reset (selecting default 3.3V operation). When adding a pullup to this pin for SD card operation, consider the following:
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## FAQ:
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#### Do I need any additional modules, like the Arduino SD module?
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No, just wire your SD card directly to ESP32.
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Tip: If you are using a microSD card and have a spare adapter to full-sized SD, you can solder Dupont pins on the adapter.
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#### What is the difference between SD and SD_MMC libraries?
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SD runs on SPI, and SD_MMC uses the SDMMC hardware bus on the ESP32.
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The SPI uses 4 communication pins + 2 power connections and operates on up to 80MHz. The SPI option offers flexibility on pin connection because the data connections can be routed through GPIO matrix to any data pin.
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SD-SPI speed is approximately half of the SD-MMC even when used on 1-bit line.
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You can read more about SD SPI in the [documentation](https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/latest/esp32/api-reference/peripherals/sdspi_host.html)
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SD_MMC is supported only by ESP32 and ESP32-S3 and can be connected only to dedicated pins. SD_MMC allows to use of 1, 4 or 8 data pins + 2 additional communication pins and 2 power pins. The data pins need to be pulled up externally.
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You can read more about SD_MMC in the [documentation](https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/latest/esp32/api-reference/peripherals/sdmmc_host.html)
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1-bit: SD_MMC_ speed is approximately two-times faster than SPI mode
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4-bit: SD_MMC speed is approximately three-times faster than SPI mode.
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