[web] Make Canvaskit's malloc more useful (#38130)

* [web] Make Canvaskit's malloc more useful

* address review comments

Author: mdebbar

lib/web_ui/lib/src/engine/canvaskit/canvaskit_api.dart

@@ -1267,34 +1267,46 @@ Float32List toSkColorStops(List<double>? colorStops) {
   return skColorStops;
 }
 
-@JS('Float32Array')
-external _NativeFloat32ArrayType get _nativeFloat32ArrayType;
-
 @JS()
 @staticInterop
-class _NativeFloat32ArrayType {}
+abstract class _NativeType {}
+
+@JS('Float32Array')
+external _NativeType get _nativeFloat32ArrayType;
+
+@JS('Uint32Array')
+external _NativeType get _nativeUint32ArrayType;
 
 @JS('window.flutterCanvasKit.Malloc')
-external SkFloat32List _mallocFloat32List(
-  _NativeFloat32ArrayType float32ListType,
-  int size,
-);
+external Object _malloc(_NativeType nativeType, int length);
+
+/// Allocates a [Float32List] of [length] elements, backed by WASM memory,
+/// managed by a [SkFloat32List].
+///
+/// To free the allocated array use [free].
+SkFloat32List mallocFloat32List(int length) {
+  return _malloc(_nativeFloat32ArrayType, length) as SkFloat32List;
+}
 
-/// Allocates a [Float32List] backed by WASM memory, managed by
-/// a [SkFloat32List].
+/// Allocates a [Uint32List] of [length] elements, backed by WASM memory,
+/// managed by a [SkUint32List].
 ///
-/// To free the allocated array use [freeFloat32List].
-SkFloat32List mallocFloat32List(int size) {
-  return _mallocFloat32List(_nativeFloat32ArrayType, size);
+/// To free the allocated array use [free].
+SkUint32List mallocUint32List(int length) {
+  return _malloc(_nativeUint32ArrayType, length) as SkUint32List;
 }
 
-/// Frees the WASM memory occupied by a [SkFloat32List].
+/// Frees the WASM memory occupied by a [SkFloat32List] or [SkUint32List].
 ///
 /// The [list] is no longer usable after calling this function.
 ///
 /// Use this function to free lists owned by the engine.
 @JS('window.flutterCanvasKit.Free')
-external void freeFloat32List(SkFloat32List list);
+external void free(MallocObj list);
+
+@JS()
+@staticInterop
+abstract class MallocObj {}
 
 /// Wraps a [Float32List] backed by WASM memory.
 ///
@@ -1303,19 +1315,45 @@ external void freeFloat32List(SkFloat32List list);
 /// that's attached to the current WASM memory block.
 @JS()
 @staticInterop
-class SkFloat32List {}
+class SkFloat32List extends MallocObj {}
 
 extension SkFloat32ListExtension on SkFloat32List {
+  /// The number of objects this pointer refers to.
+  external int length;
+
   /// Returns the [Float32List] object backed by WASM memory.
   ///
-  /// Do not reuse the returned list across multiple WASM function/method
+  /// Do not reuse the returned array across multiple WASM function/method
   /// invocations that may lead to WASM memory to grow. When WASM memory
-  /// grows the [Float32List] object becomes "detached" and is no longer
-  /// usable. Instead, call this method every time you need to read from
+  /// grows, the returned [Float32List] object becomes "detached" and is no
+  /// longer usable. Instead, call this method every time you need to read from
   /// or write to the list.
   external Float32List toTypedArray();
 }
 
+/// Wraps a [Uint32List] backed by WASM memory.
+///
+/// This wrapper is necessary because the raw [Uint32List] will get detached
+/// when WASM grows its memory. Call [toTypedArray] to get a new instance
+/// that's attached to the current WASM memory block.
+@JS()
+@staticInterop
+class SkUint32List extends MallocObj {}
+
+extension SkUint32ListExtension on SkUint32List {
+  /// The number of objects this pointer refers to.
+  external int length;
+
+  /// Returns the [Uint32List] object backed by WASM memory.
+  ///
+  /// Do not reuse the returned array across multiple WASM function/method
+  /// invocations that may lead to WASM memory to grow. When WASM memory
+  /// grows, the returned [Uint32List] object becomes "detached" and is no
+  /// longer usable. Instead, call this method every time you need to read from
+  /// or write to the list.
+  external Uint32List toTypedArray();
+}
+
 /// Writes [color] information into the given [skColor] buffer.
 Float32List _populateSkColor(SkFloat32List skColor, ui.Color color) {
   final Float32List array = skColor.toTypedArray();
@@ -1585,7 +1623,7 @@ Float32List toOuterSkRect(ui.RRect rrect) {
 /// Uses `CanvasKit.Malloc` to allocate storage for the points in the WASM
 /// memory to avoid unnecessary copying. Unless CanvasKit takes ownership of
 /// the list the returned list must be explicitly freed using
-/// [freeMallocedFloat32List].
+/// [free].
 SkFloat32List toMallocedSkPoints(List<ui.Offset> points) {
   final int len = points.length;
   final SkFloat32List skPoints = mallocFloat32List(len * 2);

lib/web_ui/lib/src/engine/canvaskit/canvaskit_canvas.dart

@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ class CanvasKitCanvas implements ui.Canvas {
       pointMode,
       skPoints.toTypedArray(),
     );
-    freeFloat32List(skPoints);
+    free(skPoints);
   }
 
   @override

lib/web_ui/lib/src/engine/canvaskit/path.dart

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ class CkPath extends ManagedSkiaObject<SkPath> implements ui.Path {
     assert(points != null);
     final SkFloat32List encodedPoints = toMallocedSkPoints(points);
     skiaObject.addPoly(encodedPoints.toTypedArray(), close);
-    freeFloat32List(encodedPoints);
+    free(encodedPoints);
   }
 
   @override

lib/web_ui/test/canvaskit/canvaskit_api_test.dart

@@ -533,11 +533,40 @@ void _imageFilterTests() {
 }
 
 void _mallocTests() {
-  test('SkFloat32List', () {
+  test('$SkFloat32List', () {
+    final List<SkFloat32List> lists = <SkFloat32List>[];
+
     for (int size = 0; size < 1000; size++) {
       final SkFloat32List skList = mallocFloat32List(4);
       expect(skList, isNotNull);
-      expect(skList.toTypedArray().length, 4);
+      expect(skList.toTypedArray(), hasLength(4));
+      lists.add(skList);
+    }
+
+    for (final SkFloat32List skList in lists) {
+      // toTypedArray() still works.
+      expect(() => skList.toTypedArray(), returnsNormally);
+      free(skList);
+      // toTypedArray() throws after free.
+      expect(() => skList.toTypedArray(), throwsA(isA<Error>()));
+    }
+  });
+  test('$SkUint32List', () {
+    final List<SkUint32List> lists = <SkUint32List>[];
+
+    for (int size = 0; size < 1000; size++) {
+      final SkUint32List skList = mallocUint32List(4);
+      expect(skList, isNotNull);
+      expect(skList.toTypedArray(), hasLength(4));
+      lists.add(skList);
+    }
+
+    for (final SkUint32List skList in lists) {
+      // toTypedArray() still works.
+      expect(() => skList.toTypedArray(), returnsNormally);
+      free(skList);
+      // toTypedArray() throws after free.
+      expect(() => skList.toTypedArray(), throwsA(isA<Error>()));
     }
   });
 }
@@ -812,7 +841,7 @@ void _pathTests() {
       ui.Offset(10, 10),
     ]);
     path.addPoly(encodedPoints.toTypedArray(), true);
-    freeFloat32List(encodedPoints);
+    free(encodedPoints);
   });
 
   test('addRRect', () {