diff --git a/extensions/ql-vscode/CHANGELOG.md b/extensions/ql-vscode/CHANGELOG.md
index 74f53c12968..cf3ee87e104 100644
--- a/extensions/ql-vscode/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/extensions/ql-vscode/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 
 ## [UNRELEASED]
 
+- Send telemetry about unhandled errors happening within the extension. [#2125](https://github.com/github/vscode-codeql/pull/2125)
+
 ## 1.7.11 - 1 March 2023
 
 - Enable collection of telemetry concerning interactions with UI elements, including buttons, links, and other inputs. [#2114](https://github.com/github/vscode-codeql/pull/2114)
diff --git a/extensions/ql-vscode/src/extension.ts b/extensions/ql-vscode/src/extension.ts
index e9143b129fc..18d77817ed3 100644
--- a/extensions/ql-vscode/src/extension.ts
+++ b/extensions/ql-vscode/src/extension.ts
@@ -72,7 +72,12 @@ import {
   tmpDir,
   tmpDirDisposal,
 } from "./helpers";
-import { asError, assertNever, getErrorMessage } from "./pure/helpers-pure";
+import {
+  asError,
+  assertNever,
+  getErrorMessage,
+  getErrorStack,
+} from "./pure/helpers-pure";
 import { spawnIdeServer } from "./ide-server";
 import { ResultsView } from "./interface";
 import { WebviewReveal } from "./interface-utils";
@@ -235,6 +240,7 @@ export async function activate(
   const distributionConfigListener = new DistributionConfigListener();
   await initializeLogging(ctx);
   await initializeTelemetry(extension, ctx);
+  addUnhandledRejectionListener();
   install();
 
   const codelensProvider = new QuickEvalCodeLensProvider();
@@ -1569,6 +1575,49 @@ async function activateWithInstalledDistribution(
   };
 }
 
+function addUnhandledRejectionListener() {
+  const handler = (error: unknown) => {
+    // This listener will be triggered for errors from other extensions as
+    // well as errors from this extension. We don't want to flood the user
+    // with popups about errors from other extensions, and we don't want to
+    // report them in our telemetry.
+    //
+    // The stack trace gets redacted before being sent as telemetry, but at
+    // this point in the code we have the full unredacted information.
+    const isFromThisExtension =
+      extension && getErrorStack(error).includes(extension.extensionPath);
+
+    if (isFromThisExtension) {
+      const message = redactableError(
+        asError(error),
+      )`Unhandled error: ${getErrorMessage(error)}`;
+      // Add a catch so that showAndLogExceptionWithTelemetry fails, we avoid
+      // triggering "unhandledRejection" and avoid an infinite loop
+      showAndLogExceptionWithTelemetry(message).catch(
+        (telemetryError: unknown) => {
+          void extLogger.log(
+            `Failed to send error telemetry: ${getErrorMessage(
+              telemetryError,
+            )}`,
+          );
+          void extLogger.log(message.fullMessage);
+        },
+      );
+    }
+  };
+
+  // "uncaughtException" will trigger whenever an exception reaches the top level.
+  // This covers extension initialization and any code within a `setTimeout`.
+  // Notably this does not include exceptions thrown when executing commands,
+  // because `commandRunner` wraps the command body and handles errors.
+  process.addListener("uncaughtException", handler);
+
+  // "unhandledRejection" will trigger whenever any promise is rejected and it is
+  // not handled by a "catch" somewhere in the promise chain. This includes when
+  // a promise is used with the "void" operator.
+  process.addListener("unhandledRejection", handler);
+}
+
 async function createQueryServer(
   qlConfigurationListener: QueryServerConfigListener,
   cliServer: CodeQLCliServer,