docs(notes): add 2025-04-14 microcomputer outline

Author: lzwjava

Diff for: notes/2025-04-14-microcomputer-outline-en.md

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+---
+title: Microcomputer and Interface Technology - Outline
+lang: en
+layout: post
+audio: false
+translated: false
+generated: true
+---
+
+Sure! Here's an outline in English for course **04732 – Microcomputer and Interface Technology** from the Guangdong Self-study Examination System. This course is a core subject in the Computer Application Technology major.
+
+---
+
+### **Course Title:**  
+**Microcomputer and Interface Technology**  
+**Course Code:** 04732  
+
+### **Course Overview:**  
+This course introduces the fundamental principles of microcomputers, including CPU architecture, memory systems, input/output (I/O) mechanisms, bus systems, and interface technologies. It emphasizes both theoretical knowledge and practical application in designing and understanding microcomputer systems.
+
+---
+
+### **Course Outline:**
+
+#### 1. **Introduction to Microcomputers**
+   - Components and architecture of a microcomputer
+   - Basic operation principles
+   - Data representation and processing
+
+#### 2. **Central Processing Unit (CPU)**
+   - Structure and functions of the CPU
+   - Instruction set architecture
+   - Addressing modes
+   - Control unit design
+
+#### 3. **Memory System**
+   - Types of memory (RAM, ROM, cache)
+   - Memory hierarchy and access techniques
+   - Memory addressing and decoding
+
+#### 4. **Input/Output System**
+   - I/O methods: programmed I/O, interrupt-driven I/O, and DMA (Direct Memory Access)
+   - Interrupt system and priority handling
+   - I/O ports and data transfer techniques
+
+#### 5. **Bus System**
+   - Types of system buses: data bus, address bus, control bus
+   - Bus arbitration and control methods
+   - Timing and synchronization
+
+#### 6. **Interface Technology**
+   - Common interface standards: serial (RS-232), parallel, USB, etc.
+   - Interface circuits and devices
+   - Interface programming basics
+
+#### 7. **System Integration and Applications**
+   - Designing microcomputer-based systems
+   - Integration of peripherals
+   - Application examples and case studies
+
+---
+
+### **Study Recommendations:**
+
+- **Textbooks and Study Guides:** Use official self-study materials and reference books aligned with the syllabus.
+- **Past Exam Papers:** Practice with previous years’ exam questions (especially from 2020–2024) to familiarize yourself with question types and key topics.
+- **Online Courses:** Consider video lectures and tutorials on platforms like Bilibili or Chinese MOOC platforms, which often offer targeted review lessons for 04732.
+- **Hands-on Practice:** Try out microcontroller programming or simulate circuit interfaces using software like Proteus or Multisim.
+
+---
+
+Would you like me to find the official textbook or provide a study plan based on this outline?