Check for invalid combination of python + minimal build in build.py (#19463)

### Description
<!-- Describe your changes. -->
Python bindings aren't supported in a minimal build. Check in build.py
so user gets a better error message.



### Motivation and Context
<!-- - Why is this change required? What problem does it solve?
- If it fixes an open issue, please link to the issue here. -->
#19422

Author: skottmckay

tools/ci_build/build.py

@@ -2536,11 +2536,15 @@ def main():
     if args.build_nuget and cross_compiling:
         raise BuildError("Currently nuget package creation is not supported while cross-compiling")
 
-    if args.enable_pybind and args.disable_rtti:
-        raise BuildError("Python bindings use typeid so you can't disable RTTI")
+    if args.enable_pybind:
+        if args.disable_rtti:
+            raise BuildError("Python bindings use typeid so you can't disable RTTI")
 
-    if args.enable_pybind and args.disable_exceptions:
-        raise BuildError("Python bindings require exceptions to be enabled.")
+        if args.disable_exceptions:
+            raise BuildError("Python bindings require exceptions to be enabled.")
+
+        if args.minimal_build is not None:
+            raise BuildError("Python bindings are not supported in a minimal build.")
 
     if args.nnapi_min_api:
         if not args.use_nnapi: