[Sema] Fix crash on invalid code with parenthesized aggregate initialization (llvm#76232)

Fixes llvm#76228.
Use the same logic as braced init lists, also adds a test that puts
incomplete types in various positions to check for regressions in the
future.

Author: ilya-biryukov

clang/lib/Sema/SemaInit.cpp

@@ -5512,6 +5512,14 @@ static void TryOrBuildParenListInitialization(
   } else if (auto *RT = Entity.getType()->getAs<RecordType>()) {
     bool IsUnion = RT->isUnionType();
     const CXXRecordDecl *RD = cast<CXXRecordDecl>(RT->getDecl());
+    if (RD->isInvalidDecl()) {
+      // Exit early to avoid confusion when processing members.
+      // We do the same for braced list initialization in
+      // `CheckStructUnionTypes`.
+      Sequence.SetFailed(
+          clang::InitializationSequence::FK_ParenthesizedListInitFailed);
+      return;
+    }
 
     if (!IsUnion) {
       for (const CXXBaseSpecifier &Base : RD->bases()) {

clang/test/SemaCXX/crash-GH76228.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// RUN: %clang_cc1 -std=c++20 -verify %s
+// Check we don't crash on incomplete members and bases when handling parenthesized initialization.
+class incomplete; // expected-note@-0 3  {{forward declaration of 'incomplete'}}
+struct foo {
+  int a;
+  incomplete b;
+  // expected-error@-1 {{incomplete type}}
+};
+foo a1(0);
+
+struct one_int {
+    int a;
+};
+struct bar : one_int, incomplete {};
+// expected-error@-1 {{incomplete type}}
+bar a2(0);
+
+incomplete a3[3](1,2,3);
+// expected-error@-1 {{incomplete type}}
+
+struct qux : foo {
+};
+qux a4(0);
+
+struct fred {
+    foo a[3];
+};
+fred a5(0);