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Checking the file system on a VPS
Find out how to check a file system for errors in rescue mode
2023-09-20

Objective

This guide explains how to diagnose file systems on OVHcloud Virtual Private Servers using rescue mode.

Warning

OVHcloud is providing you with services for which you are responsible, with regard to their configuration and management. You are therefore responsible for ensuring they function correctly.

If you encounter any difficulties performing these actions, please contact a specialist service provider and/or discuss the issue with our community on https://community.ovh.com/en/. OVHcloud cannot provide you with technical support in this regard.

Requirements

Instructions

GNU/Linux VPS

Log in to the OVHcloud Control Panel and initiate a server reboot in rescue mode. Follow our rescue mode guide if necessary.

You can then verify the configuration of the disks:

lsblk

The partition corresponding to rescue mode (sda1 in this example) is mounted in the directory / and the disk of the VPS is named sdb and should have no mount point.

Example:

NAME   MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda      8:0    0  2.5G  0 disk
└─sda1   8:1    0  2.5G  0 part /
sdb      8:16   0   80G  0 disk
└─sdb1   8:17   0   80G  0 part

If your result looks similar to the output above and the column MOUNTPOINT is empty in the corresponding line (sdb1), you can proceed with the next step.

However, if your result shows that there is a mount point for the VPS partition, it needs to be unmounted first.

Example:

sdb      8:16   0   80G  0 disk
└─sdb1  8:17   0   80G  0 part  /mnt/sdb1

In the example output above, the partition sdb1 is mounted at /mnt/. In order to check the partition, this partition must not be mounted.

To unmount your partition, use the following command:

umount /dev/partition_name

In this example configuration, the command would be:

umount /dev/sdb1

Now you can check the partition with "fsck":

fsck /dev/sdb1

cloudimg-rootfs: clean, 134995/3225600 files, 849881/6525179 blocks

If the result is empty, it usually means that the file system is clean. You can also force a check:

fsck /dev/sdb1 -f

Windows VPS

The instructions above do generally not apply to a Windows VPS, because the file system check does not support NTFS. You can however perform a NTFS consistency check on the partitions.

Log in to the OVHcloud Control Panel and initiate a server reboot in rescue mode. Follow our rescue mode guide if necessary.

You can then verify the configuration of the disks:

lsblk

The partition corresponding to rescue mode (sda1 in this example) is mounted in the directory / and the disk of the VPS is named sdb and should have no mount point.

Example:

NAME   MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda      8:0    0  2.5G  0 disk
└─sda1   8:1    0  2.5G  0 part /
sdb      8:16   0  100G  0 disk
├─sdb1   8:17   0  350M  0 part 
├─sdb2   8:18   0 99.7G  0 part

If your result looks similar to the output above and the column MOUNTPOINT is empty in the corresponding line, you can proceed with the next step.

However, if your result shows that there is a mount point for the VPS partition, it needs to be unmounted first.

Example:

sdb      8:16   0  100G  0 disk
├─sdb1   8:17   0  350M  0 part
├─sdb2   8:18   0 99.7G  0 part /mnt/sdb2

In the example output above, the partition concerned sdb2 is mounted at /mnt/. In order to check the partition, this partition must not be mounted.

To unmount your partition, use the following command:

umount /dev/partition_name

In this example configuration, the command would be:

umount /dev/sdb2

The following command checks the partition for consistency and tries to resolve errors if any are found:

ntfsfix /dev/partition_name

In this example configuration, the command would be:

ntfsfix /dev/sdb2

Go further

Activating Rescue Mode on VPS

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