gh-120496: Use CAS approach for rangeiter_next

Author: corona10

Objects/rangeobject.c

@@ -813,16 +813,24 @@ PyTypeObject PyRange_Type = {
    in the normal case, but possible for any numeric value.
 */
 
+
+#include "pycore_pyatomic_ft_wrappers.h"
+
 static PyObject *
 rangeiter_next(_PyRangeIterObject *r)
 {
-    if (r->len > 0) {
-        long result = r->start;
-        r->start = result + r->step;
-        r->len--;
-        return PyLong_FromLong(result);
-    }
-    return NULL;
+    do {
+        long len = _Py_atomic_load_int64_relaxed(&r->len);
+        if (len <= 0) {
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        long result = _Py_atomic_load_int64_relaxed(&r->start);
+        long step = _Py_atomic_load_int64_relaxed(&r->step);
+        if (_Py_atomic_compare_exchange_int64(&r->start, &result, result + step)) {
+            _Py_atomic_add_int64(&r->len, -1);
+            return PyLong_FromLong(result);
+        }
+    } while (1);
 }
 
 static PyObject *