diff --git a/mypy/semanal_typeddict.py b/mypy/semanal_typeddict.py
index 0d6a0b7ff87f..8bf073d30f71 100644
--- a/mypy/semanal_typeddict.py
+++ b/mypy/semanal_typeddict.py
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
     StrExpr,
     TempNode,
     TupleExpr,
+    TypeAlias,
     TypedDictExpr,
     TypeInfo,
 )
@@ -50,6 +51,7 @@
     TypedDictType,
     TypeOfAny,
     TypeVarLikeType,
+    get_proper_type,
 )
 
 TPDICT_CLASS_ERROR: Final = (
@@ -137,23 +139,18 @@ def analyze_typeddict_classdef(self, defn: ClassDef) -> tuple[bool, TypeInfo | N
                     typeddict_bases_set.add("TypedDict")
                 else:
                     self.fail('Duplicate base class "TypedDict"', defn)
-            elif isinstance(expr, RefExpr) and self.is_typeddict(expr):
-                assert expr.fullname
-                if expr.fullname not in typeddict_bases_set:
-                    typeddict_bases_set.add(expr.fullname)
+            elif (
+                isinstance(expr, RefExpr)
+                and self.is_typeddict(expr)
+                or isinstance(expr, IndexExpr)
+                and self.is_typeddict(expr.base)
+            ):
+                info = self._parse_typeddict_base(expr, defn)
+                if info.fullname not in typeddict_bases_set:
+                    typeddict_bases_set.add(info.fullname)
                     typeddict_bases.append(expr)
                 else:
-                    assert isinstance(expr.node, TypeInfo)
-                    self.fail(f'Duplicate base class "{expr.node.name}"', defn)
-            elif isinstance(expr, IndexExpr) and self.is_typeddict(expr.base):
-                assert isinstance(expr.base, RefExpr)
-                assert expr.base.fullname
-                if expr.base.fullname not in typeddict_bases_set:
-                    typeddict_bases_set.add(expr.base.fullname)
-                    typeddict_bases.append(expr)
-                else:
-                    assert isinstance(expr.base.node, TypeInfo)
-                    self.fail(f'Duplicate base class "{expr.base.node.name}"', defn)
+                    self.fail(f'Duplicate base class "{info.name}"', defn)
             else:
                 self.fail("All bases of a new TypedDict must be TypedDict types", defn)
 
@@ -190,22 +187,13 @@ def add_keys_and_types_from_base(
         readonly_keys: set[str],
         ctx: Context,
     ) -> None:
+        info = self._parse_typeddict_base(base, ctx)
         base_args: list[Type] = []
-        if isinstance(base, RefExpr):
-            assert isinstance(base.node, TypeInfo)
-            info = base.node
-        elif isinstance(base, IndexExpr):
-            assert isinstance(base.base, RefExpr)
-            assert isinstance(base.base.node, TypeInfo)
-            info = base.base.node
+        if isinstance(base, IndexExpr):
             args = self.analyze_base_args(base, ctx)
             if args is None:
                 return
             base_args = args
-        else:
-            assert isinstance(base, CallExpr)
-            assert isinstance(base.analyzed, TypedDictExpr)
-            info = base.analyzed.info
 
         assert info.typeddict_type is not None
         base_typed_dict = info.typeddict_type
@@ -231,6 +219,26 @@ def add_keys_and_types_from_base(
         required_keys.update(base_typed_dict.required_keys)
         readonly_keys.update(base_typed_dict.readonly_keys)
 
+    def _parse_typeddict_base(self, base: Expression, ctx: Context) -> TypeInfo:
+        if isinstance(base, RefExpr):
+            if isinstance(base.node, TypeInfo):
+                return base.node
+            elif isinstance(base.node, TypeAlias):
+                # Only old TypeAlias / plain assignment, PEP695 `type` stmt
+                # cannot be used as a base class
+                target = get_proper_type(base.node.target)
+                assert isinstance(target, TypedDictType)
+                return target.fallback.type
+            else:
+                assert False
+        elif isinstance(base, IndexExpr):
+            assert isinstance(base.base, RefExpr)
+            return self._parse_typeddict_base(base.base, ctx)
+        else:
+            assert isinstance(base, CallExpr)
+            assert isinstance(base.analyzed, TypedDictExpr)
+            return base.analyzed.info
+
     def analyze_base_args(self, base: IndexExpr, ctx: Context) -> list[Type] | None:
         """Analyze arguments of base type expressions as types.
 
@@ -527,7 +535,7 @@ def parse_typeddict_args(
                 return "", [], [], True, [], False
         dictexpr = args[1]
         tvar_defs = self.api.get_and_bind_all_tvars([t for k, t in dictexpr.items])
-        res = self.parse_typeddict_fields_with_types(dictexpr.items, call)
+        res = self.parse_typeddict_fields_with_types(dictexpr.items)
         if res is None:
             # One of the types is not ready, defer.
             return None
@@ -536,7 +544,7 @@ def parse_typeddict_args(
         return args[0].value, items, types, total, tvar_defs, ok
 
     def parse_typeddict_fields_with_types(
-        self, dict_items: list[tuple[Expression | None, Expression]], context: Context
+        self, dict_items: list[tuple[Expression | None, Expression]]
     ) -> tuple[list[str], list[Type], bool] | None:
         """Parse typed dict items passed as pairs (name expression, type expression).
 
@@ -609,10 +617,11 @@ def build_typeddict_typeinfo(
     # Helpers
 
     def is_typeddict(self, expr: Expression) -> bool:
-        return (
-            isinstance(expr, RefExpr)
-            and isinstance(expr.node, TypeInfo)
+        return isinstance(expr, RefExpr) and (
+            isinstance(expr.node, TypeInfo)
             and expr.node.typeddict_type is not None
+            or isinstance(expr.node, TypeAlias)
+            and isinstance(get_proper_type(expr.node.target), TypedDictType)
         )
 
     def fail(self, msg: str, ctx: Context, *, code: ErrorCode | None = None) -> None:
diff --git a/test-data/unit/check-typeddict.test b/test-data/unit/check-typeddict.test
index 48bfa4bdba49..47c8a71ba0e3 100644
--- a/test-data/unit/check-typeddict.test
+++ b/test-data/unit/check-typeddict.test
@@ -4151,3 +4151,106 @@ class Base:
                                         # E: TypedDict() expects a dictionary literal as the second argument
 [builtins fixtures/dict.pyi]
 [typing fixtures/typing-typeddict.pyi]
+
+[case testTypedDictAlias]
+from typing import NotRequired, TypedDict
+from typing_extensions import TypeAlias
+
+class Base(TypedDict):
+    foo: int
+
+Base1 = Base
+class Child1(Base1):
+    bar: NotRequired[int]
+c11: Child1 = {"foo": 0}
+c12: Child1 = {"foo": 0, "bar": 1}
+c13: Child1 = {"foo": 0, "bar": 1, "baz": "error"}  # E: Extra key "baz" for TypedDict "Child1"
+
+Base2: TypeAlias = Base
+class Child2(Base2):
+    bar: NotRequired[int]
+c21: Child2 = {"foo": 0}
+c22: Child2 = {"foo": 0, "bar": 1}
+c23: Child2 = {"foo": 0, "bar": 1, "baz": "error"}  # E: Extra key "baz" for TypedDict "Child2"
+[builtins fixtures/dict.pyi]
+[typing fixtures/typing-typeddict.pyi]
+
+[case testTypedDictAliasInheritance]
+from typing import TypedDict
+from typing_extensions import TypeAlias
+
+class A(TypedDict):
+    x: str
+class B(TypedDict):
+    y: int
+
+B1 = B
+B2: TypeAlias = B
+
+class C(A, B1):
+    pass
+c1: C = {"y": 1}  # E: Missing key "x" for TypedDict "C"
+c2: C = {"x": "x", "y": 2}
+c3: C = {"x": 1, "y": 2}  # E: Incompatible types (expression has type "int", TypedDict item "x" has type "str")
+
+class D(A, B2):
+    pass
+d1: D = {"y": 1}  # E: Missing key "x" for TypedDict "D"
+d2: D = {"x": "x", "y": 2}
+d3: D = {"x": 1, "y": 2}  # E: Incompatible types (expression has type "int", TypedDict item "x" has type "str")
+[builtins fixtures/dict.pyi]
+[typing fixtures/typing-typeddict.pyi]
+
+[case testTypedDictAliasDuplicateBases]
+from typing import TypedDict
+from typing_extensions import TypeAlias
+
+class A(TypedDict):
+    x: str
+
+A1 = A
+A2 = A
+A3: TypeAlias = A
+
+class E(A1, A2): pass  # E: Duplicate base class "A"
+class F(A1, A3): pass # E: Duplicate base class "A"
+class G(A, A1): pass # E: Duplicate base class "A"
+
+class H(A, list): pass  # E: All bases of a new TypedDict must be TypedDict types
+[builtins fixtures/dict.pyi]
+[typing fixtures/typing-typeddict.pyi]
+
+[case testTypedDictAliasGeneric]
+from typing import Generic, TypedDict, TypeVar
+from typing_extensions import TypeAlias
+
+_T = TypeVar("_T")
+
+class A(Generic[_T], TypedDict):
+    x: _T
+
+# This is by design - no_args aliases are only supported for instances
+A0 = A
+class B(A0[str]):  # E: Bad number of arguments for type alias, expected 0, given 1
+    y: int
+
+A1 = A[_T]
+A2: TypeAlias = A[_T]
+Aint = A[int]
+
+class C(A1[_T]):
+    y: str
+c1: C[int] = {"x": 0, "y": "a"}
+c2: C[int] = {"x": "no", "y": "a"}  # E: Incompatible types (expression has type "str", TypedDict item "x" has type "int")
+
+class D(A2[_T]):
+    y: str
+d1: D[int] = {"x": 0, "y": "a"}
+d2: D[int] = {"x": "no", "y": "a"}  # E: Incompatible types (expression has type "str", TypedDict item "x" has type "int")
+
+class E(Aint):
+    y: str
+e1: E = {"x": 0, "y": "a"}
+e2: E = {"x": "no", "y": "a"}
+[builtins fixtures/dict.pyi]
+[typing fixtures/typing-typeddict.pyi]