Optimize ParamResolver.value_of (#6341)

Review: @dstrain115

Author: maffoo

Diff for: cirq-core/cirq/sim/simulator_test.py

@@ -134,8 +134,7 @@ def steps(*args, **kwargs):
 
     simulator.simulate_moment_steps.side_effect = steps
     circuit = mock.Mock(cirq.Circuit)
-    param_resolver = mock.Mock(cirq.ParamResolver)
-    param_resolver.param_dict = {}
+    param_resolver = cirq.ParamResolver({})
     qubit_order = mock.Mock(cirq.QubitOrder)
     result = simulator.simulate(
         program=circuit, param_resolver=param_resolver, qubit_order=qubit_order, initial_state=2
@@ -163,9 +162,7 @@ def steps(*args, **kwargs):
 
     simulator.simulate_moment_steps.side_effect = steps
     circuit = mock.Mock(cirq.Circuit)
-    param_resolvers = [mock.Mock(cirq.ParamResolver), mock.Mock(cirq.ParamResolver)]
-    for resolver in param_resolvers:
-        resolver.param_dict = {}
+    param_resolvers = [cirq.ParamResolver({}), cirq.ParamResolver({})]
     qubit_order = mock.Mock(cirq.QubitOrder)
     results = simulator.simulate_sweep(
         program=circuit, params=param_resolvers, qubit_order=qubit_order, initial_state=2

Diff for: cirq-core/cirq/study/resolver.py

@@ -36,8 +36,11 @@
     ParamResolverOrSimilarType, """Something that can be used to turn parameters into values."""
 )
 
+# Used to mark values that are not found in a dict.
+_NOT_FOUND = object()
+
 # Used to mark values that are being resolved recursively to detect loops.
-_RecursionFlag = object()
+_RECURSION_FLAG = object()
 
 
 def _is_param_resolver_or_similar_type(obj: Any):
@@ -72,7 +75,7 @@ def __init__(self, param_dict: 'cirq.ParamResolverOrSimilarType' = None) -> None
 
         self._param_hash: Optional[int] = None
         self._param_dict = cast(ParamDictType, {} if param_dict is None else param_dict)
-        for key in self.param_dict:
+        for key in self._param_dict:
             if isinstance(key, sympy.Expr) and not isinstance(key, sympy.Symbol):
                 raise TypeError(f'ParamResolver keys cannot be (non-symbol) formulas ({key})')
         self._deep_eval_map: ParamDictType = {}
@@ -120,32 +123,30 @@ def value_of(
         if v is not NotImplemented:
             return v
 
-        # Handles 2 cases:
-        # Input is a string and maps to a number in the dictionary
-        # Input is a symbol and maps to a number in the dictionary
-        # In both cases, return it directly.
-        if value in self.param_dict:
-            # Note: if the value is in the dictionary, it will be a key type
-            # Add a cast to make mypy happy.
-            param_value = self.param_dict[cast('cirq.TParamKey', value)]
+        # Handle string or symbol
+        if isinstance(value, (str, sympy.Symbol)):
+            string = value if isinstance(value, str) else value.name
+            symbol = value if isinstance(value, sympy.Symbol) else sympy.Symbol(value)
+            param_value = self._param_dict.get(string, _NOT_FOUND)
+            if param_value is _NOT_FOUND:
+                param_value = self._param_dict.get(symbol, _NOT_FOUND)
+            if param_value is _NOT_FOUND:
+                # Symbol or string cannot be resolved if not in param dict; return as symbol.
+                return symbol
             v = _resolve_value(param_value)
             if v is not NotImplemented:
                 return v
+            if isinstance(param_value, str):
+                param_value = sympy.Symbol(param_value)
+            elif not isinstance(param_value, sympy.Basic):
+                return value  # type: ignore[return-value]
+            if recursive:
+                param_value = self._value_of_recursive(value)
+            return param_value  # type: ignore[return-value]
 
-        # Input is a string and is not in the dictionary.
-        # Treat it as a symbol instead.
-        if isinstance(value, str):
-            # If the string is in the param_dict as a value, return it.
-            # Otherwise, try using the symbol instead.
-            return self.value_of(sympy.Symbol(value), recursive)
-
-        # Input is a symbol (sympy.Symbol('a')) and its string maps to a number
-        # in the dictionary ({'a': 1.0}).  Return it.
-        if isinstance(value, sympy.Symbol) and value.name in self.param_dict:
-            param_value = self.param_dict[value.name]
-            v = _resolve_value(param_value)
-            if v is not NotImplemented:
-                return v
+        if not isinstance(value, sympy.Basic):
+            # No known way to resolve this variable, return unchanged.
+            return value
 
         # The following resolves common sympy expressions
         # If sympy did its job and wasn't slower than molasses,
@@ -171,10 +172,6 @@ def value_of(
                 return np.float_power(cast(complex, base), cast(complex, exponent))
             return np.power(cast(complex, base), cast(complex, exponent))
 
-        if not isinstance(value, sympy.Basic):
-            # No known way to resolve this variable, return unchanged.
-            return value
-
         # Input is either a sympy formula or the dictionary maps to a
         # formula.  Use sympy to resolve the value.
         # Note that sympy.subs() is slow, so we want to avoid this and
@@ -186,7 +183,7 @@ def value_of(
             # Note that a sympy.SympifyError here likely means
             # that one of the expressions was not parsable by sympy
             # (such as a function returning NotImplemented)
-            v = value.subs(self.param_dict, simultaneous=True)
+            v = value.subs(self._param_dict, simultaneous=True)
 
             if v.free_symbols:
                 return v
@@ -197,23 +194,26 @@ def value_of(
             else:
                 return float(v)
 
+        return self._value_of_recursive(value)
+
+    def _value_of_recursive(self, value: 'cirq.TParamKey') -> 'cirq.TParamValComplex':
         # Recursive parameter resolution. We can safely assume that value is a
         # single symbol, since combinations are handled earlier in the method.
         if value in self._deep_eval_map:
             v = self._deep_eval_map[value]
-            if v is not _RecursionFlag:
-                return v
-            raise RecursionError('Evaluation of {value} indirectly contains itself.')
+            if v is _RECURSION_FLAG:
+                raise RecursionError('Evaluation of {value} indirectly contains itself.')
+            return v
 
         # There isn't a full evaluation for 'value' yet. Until it's ready,
         # map value to None to identify loops in component evaluation.
-        self._deep_eval_map[value] = _RecursionFlag  # type: ignore
+        self._deep_eval_map[value] = _RECURSION_FLAG  # type: ignore
 
         v = self.value_of(value, recursive=False)
         if v == value:
             self._deep_eval_map[value] = v
         else:
-            self._deep_eval_map[value] = self.value_of(v, recursive)
+            self._deep_eval_map[value] = self.value_of(v, recursive=True)
         return self._deep_eval_map[value]
 
     def _resolve_parameters_(self, resolver: 'ParamResolver', recursive: bool) -> 'ParamResolver':
@@ -224,17 +224,17 @@ def _resolve_parameters_(self, resolver: 'ParamResolver', recursive: bool) -> 'P
         new_dict.update(
             {k: resolver.value_of(v, recursive) for k, v in new_dict.items()}  # type: ignore[misc]
         )
-        if recursive and self.param_dict:
+        if recursive and self._param_dict:
             new_resolver = ParamResolver(cast(ParamDictType, new_dict))
             # Resolve down to single-step mappings.
             return ParamResolver()._resolve_parameters_(new_resolver, recursive=True)
         return ParamResolver(cast(ParamDictType, new_dict))
 
     def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[Union[str, sympy.Expr]]:
-        return iter(self.param_dict)
+        return iter(self._param_dict)
 
     def __bool__(self) -> bool:
-        return bool(self.param_dict)
+        return bool(self._param_dict)
 
     def __getitem__(
         self, key: Union['cirq.TParamKey', 'cirq.TParamValComplex']
@@ -243,29 +243,29 @@ def __getitem__(
 
     def __hash__(self) -> int:
         if self._param_hash is None:
-            self._param_hash = hash(frozenset(self.param_dict.items()))
+            self._param_hash = hash(frozenset(self._param_dict.items()))
         return self._param_hash
 
     def __eq__(self, other):
         if not isinstance(other, ParamResolver):
             return NotImplemented
-        return self.param_dict == other.param_dict
+        return self._param_dict == other._param_dict
 
     def __ne__(self, other):
         return not self == other
 
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
         param_dict_repr = (
             '{'
-            + ', '.join([f'{proper_repr(k)}: {proper_repr(v)}' for k, v in self.param_dict.items()])
+            + ', '.join(f'{proper_repr(k)}: {proper_repr(v)}' for k, v in self._param_dict.items())
             + '}'
         )
         return f'cirq.ParamResolver({param_dict_repr})'
 
     def _json_dict_(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
         return {
             # JSON requires mappings to have keys of basic types.
-            'param_dict': list(self.param_dict.items())
+            'param_dict': list(self._param_dict.items())
         }
 
     @classmethod

Diff for: cirq-core/cirq/study/resolver_test.py

@@ -53,10 +53,10 @@ def test_value_of_transformed_types(val, resolved):
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize('val,resolved', [(sympy.I, 1j)])
 def test_value_of_substituted_types(val, resolved):
-    _assert_consistent_resolution(val, resolved, True)
+    _assert_consistent_resolution(val, resolved)
 
 
-def _assert_consistent_resolution(v, resolved, subs_called=False):
+def _assert_consistent_resolution(v, resolved):
     """Asserts that parameter resolution works consistently.
 
     The ParamResolver.value_of method can resolve any Sympy expression -
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ def _assert_consistent_resolution(v, resolved, subs_called=False):
     Args:
         v: the value to resolve
         resolved: the expected resolution result
-        subs_called: if True, it is expected that the slow subs method is called
+
     Raises:
         AssertionError in case resolution assertion fail.
     """
@@ -93,9 +93,7 @@ def subs(self, *args, **kwargs):
     # symbol based resolution
     s = SubsAwareSymbol('a')
     assert r.value_of(s) == resolved, f"expected {resolved}, got {r.value_of(s)}"
-    assert (
-        subs_called == s.called
-    ), f"For pass-through type {type(v)} sympy.subs shouldn't have been called."
+    assert not s.called, f"For pass-through type {type(v)} sympy.subs shouldn't have been called."
     assert isinstance(
         r.value_of(s), type(resolved)
     ), f"expected {type(resolved)} got {type(r.value_of(s))}"
@@ -243,15 +241,18 @@ def _resolved_value_(self):
 
 
 def test_custom_value_not_implemented():
-    class Bar:
+    class BarImplicit:
+        pass
+
+    class BarExplicit:
         def _resolved_value_(self):
             return NotImplemented
 
-    b = sympy.Symbol('b')
-    bar = Bar()
-    r = cirq.ParamResolver({b: bar})
-    with pytest.raises(sympy.SympifyError):
-        _ = r.value_of(b)
+    for cls in [BarImplicit, BarExplicit]:
+        b = sympy.Symbol('b')
+        bar = cls()
+        r = cirq.ParamResolver({b: bar})
+        assert r.value_of(b) == b
 
 
 def test_compose():

Diff for: cirq-ionq/cirq_ionq/sampler_test.py

@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ def test_sampler_multiple_jobs():
     results = sampler.sample(
         program=circuit,
         repetitions=4,
-        params=[cirq.ParamResolver({x: '0.5'}), cirq.ParamResolver({x: '0.6'})],
+        params=[cirq.ParamResolver({x: 0.5}), cirq.ParamResolver({x: 0.6})],
     )
     pd.testing.assert_frame_equal(
         results,