Skip to content

Commit 423ce8c

Browse files
bmorkgregkh
authored andcommitted
net: usb: qmi_wwan: New driver for Huawei QMI based WWAN devices
Some WWAN LTE/3G devices based on chipsets from Qualcomm provide near standard CDC ECM interfaces in addition to the usual serial interfaces. The Huawei E392/E398 are examples of such devices. These typically cannot be fully configured using AT commands over a serial interface. It is necessary to speak the proprietary Qualcomm MSM Interface (QMI) protocol to the device to enable the ethernet proxy functionality. The devices embed the QMI protocol in CDC on the control interface, using standard CDC commands and notifications. The do not otherwise use CDC commands for the ethernet function. This driver does therefore not need access to any other aspects of the control interface than the descriptors attached to it. Another driver, cdc-wdm, will provide userspace access to the QMI protocol independently of this driver. To facilitate this, this driver avoids binding to the control interface, and uses only the associated data interface after parsing the common CDC functional descriptors on the control interface. You will want both the cdc-wdm and option drivers as companions to this driver, to have full access to all interfaces and protocols exported by the device. Signed-off-by: Bjørn Mork <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]>
1 parent 47594d5 commit 423ce8c

File tree

3 files changed

+251
-0
lines changed

3 files changed

+251
-0
lines changed

drivers/net/usb/Kconfig

Lines changed: 22 additions & 0 deletions
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -398,6 +398,27 @@ config USB_NET_KALMIA
398398
To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the
399399
module will be called kalmia.
400400

401+
config USB_NET_QMI_WWAN
402+
tristate "QMI WWAN driver for Qualcomm MSM based 3G and LTE modems"
403+
depends on USB_USBNET
404+
help
405+
Support WWAN LTE/3G devices based on Qualcomm Mobile Data Modem
406+
(MDM) chipsets. Examples of such devices are
407+
* Huawei E392/E398
408+
409+
This driver will only drive the ethernet part of the chips.
410+
The devices require additional configuration to be usable.
411+
Multiple management interfaces with linux drivers are
412+
available:
413+
414+
* option: AT commands on /dev/ttyUSBx
415+
* cdc-wdm: Qualcomm MSM Interface (QMI) protocol on /dev/cdc-wdmx
416+
417+
A modem manager with support for QMI is recommended.
418+
419+
To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the
420+
module will be called qmi_wwan.
421+
401422
config USB_HSO
402423
tristate "Option USB High Speed Mobile Devices"
403424
depends on USB && RFKILL
@@ -461,4 +482,5 @@ config USB_VL600
461482

462483
http://ubuntuforums.org/showpost.php?p=10589647&postcount=17
463484

485+
464486
endmenu

drivers/net/usb/Makefile

Lines changed: 1 addition & 0 deletions
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -29,4 +29,5 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_USB_SIERRA_NET) += sierra_net.o
2929
obj-$(CONFIG_USB_NET_CX82310_ETH) += cx82310_eth.o
3030
obj-$(CONFIG_USB_NET_CDC_NCM) += cdc_ncm.o
3131
obj-$(CONFIG_USB_VL600) += lg-vl600.o
32+
obj-$(CONFIG_USB_NET_QMI_WWAN) += qmi_wwan.o
3233

drivers/net/usb/qmi_wwan.c

Lines changed: 228 additions & 0 deletions
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
1+
/*
2+
* Copyright (c) 2012 Bjørn Mork <[email protected]>
3+
*
4+
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
5+
* modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
6+
* version 2 as published by the Free Software Foundation.
7+
*/
8+
9+
#include <linux/module.h>
10+
#include <linux/netdevice.h>
11+
#include <linux/ethtool.h>
12+
#include <linux/mii.h>
13+
#include <linux/usb.h>
14+
#include <linux/usb/cdc.h>
15+
#include <linux/usb/usbnet.h>
16+
17+
/* The name of the CDC Device Management driver */
18+
#define DM_DRIVER "cdc_wdm"
19+
20+
/*
21+
* This driver supports wwan (3G/LTE/?) devices using a vendor
22+
* specific management protocol called Qualcomm MSM Interface (QMI) -
23+
* in addition to the more common AT commands over serial interface
24+
* management
25+
*
26+
* QMI is wrapped in CDC, using CDC encapsulated commands on the
27+
* control ("master") interface of a two-interface CDC Union
28+
* resembling standard CDC ECM. The devices do not use the control
29+
* interface for any other CDC messages. Most likely because the
30+
* management protocol is used in place of the standard CDC
31+
* notifications NOTIFY_NETWORK_CONNECTION and NOTIFY_SPEED_CHANGE
32+
*
33+
* Handling a protocol like QMI is out of the scope for any driver.
34+
* It can be exported as a character device using the cdc-wdm driver,
35+
* which will enable userspace applications ("modem managers") to
36+
* handle it. This may be required to use the network interface
37+
* provided by the driver.
38+
*
39+
* These devices may alternatively/additionally be configured using AT
40+
* commands on any of the serial interfaces driven by the option driver
41+
*
42+
* This driver binds only to the data ("slave") interface to enable
43+
* the cdc-wdm driver to bind to the control interface. It still
44+
* parses the CDC functional descriptors on the control interface to
45+
* a) verify that this is indeed a handled interface (CDC Union
46+
* header lists it as slave)
47+
* b) get MAC address and other ethernet config from the CDC Ethernet
48+
* header
49+
* c) enable user bind requests against the control interface, which
50+
* is the common way to bind to CDC Ethernet Control Model type
51+
* interfaces
52+
* d) provide a hint to the user about which interface is the
53+
* corresponding management interface
54+
*/
55+
56+
static int qmi_wwan_bind(struct usbnet *dev, struct usb_interface *intf)
57+
{
58+
int status = -1;
59+
struct usb_interface *control = NULL;
60+
u8 *buf = intf->cur_altsetting->extra;
61+
int len = intf->cur_altsetting->extralen;
62+
struct usb_interface_descriptor *desc = &intf->cur_altsetting->desc;
63+
struct usb_cdc_union_desc *cdc_union = NULL;
64+
struct usb_cdc_ether_desc *cdc_ether = NULL;
65+
u32 required = 1 << USB_CDC_HEADER_TYPE | 1 << USB_CDC_UNION_TYPE;
66+
u32 found = 0;
67+
68+
/*
69+
* assume a data interface has no additional descriptors and
70+
* that the control and data interface are numbered
71+
* consecutively - this holds for the Huawei device at least
72+
*/
73+
if (len == 0 && desc->bInterfaceNumber > 0) {
74+
control = usb_ifnum_to_if(dev->udev, desc->bInterfaceNumber - 1);
75+
if (!control)
76+
goto err;
77+
78+
buf = control->cur_altsetting->extra;
79+
len = control->cur_altsetting->extralen;
80+
dev_dbg(&intf->dev, "guessing \"control\" => %s, \"data\" => this\n",
81+
dev_name(&control->dev));
82+
}
83+
84+
while (len > 3) {
85+
struct usb_descriptor_header *h = (void *)buf;
86+
87+
/* ignore any misplaced descriptors */
88+
if (h->bDescriptorType != USB_DT_CS_INTERFACE)
89+
goto next_desc;
90+
91+
/* buf[2] is CDC descriptor subtype */
92+
switch (buf[2]) {
93+
case USB_CDC_HEADER_TYPE:
94+
if (found & 1 << USB_CDC_HEADER_TYPE) {
95+
dev_dbg(&intf->dev, "extra CDC header\n");
96+
goto err;
97+
}
98+
if (h->bLength != sizeof(struct usb_cdc_header_desc)) {
99+
dev_dbg(&intf->dev, "CDC header len %u\n", h->bLength);
100+
goto err;
101+
}
102+
break;
103+
case USB_CDC_UNION_TYPE:
104+
if (found & 1 << USB_CDC_UNION_TYPE) {
105+
dev_dbg(&intf->dev, "extra CDC union\n");
106+
goto err;
107+
}
108+
if (h->bLength != sizeof(struct usb_cdc_union_desc)) {
109+
dev_dbg(&intf->dev, "CDC union len %u\n", h->bLength);
110+
goto err;
111+
}
112+
cdc_union = (struct usb_cdc_union_desc *)buf;
113+
break;
114+
case USB_CDC_ETHERNET_TYPE:
115+
if (found & 1 << USB_CDC_ETHERNET_TYPE) {
116+
dev_dbg(&intf->dev, "extra CDC ether\n");
117+
goto err;
118+
}
119+
if (h->bLength != sizeof(struct usb_cdc_ether_desc)) {
120+
dev_dbg(&intf->dev, "CDC ether len %u\n", h->bLength);
121+
goto err;
122+
}
123+
cdc_ether = (struct usb_cdc_ether_desc *)buf;
124+
break;
125+
}
126+
127+
/*
128+
* Remember which CDC functional descriptors we've seen. Works
129+
* for all types we care about, of which USB_CDC_ETHERNET_TYPE
130+
* (0x0f) is the highest numbered
131+
*/
132+
if (buf[2] < 32)
133+
found |= 1 << buf[2];
134+
135+
next_desc:
136+
len -= h->bLength;
137+
buf += h->bLength;
138+
}
139+
140+
/* did we find all the required ones? */
141+
if ((found & required) != required) {
142+
dev_err(&intf->dev, "CDC functional descriptors missing\n");
143+
goto err;
144+
}
145+
146+
/* give the user a helpful hint if trying to bind to the wrong interface */
147+
if (cdc_union && desc->bInterfaceNumber == cdc_union->bMasterInterface0) {
148+
dev_err(&intf->dev, "leaving \"control\" interface for " DM_DRIVER " - try binding to %s instead!\n",
149+
dev_name(&usb_ifnum_to_if(dev->udev, cdc_union->bSlaveInterface0)->dev));
150+
goto err;
151+
}
152+
153+
/* errors aren't fatal - we can live with the dynamic address */
154+
if (cdc_ether) {
155+
dev->hard_mtu = le16_to_cpu(cdc_ether->wMaxSegmentSize);
156+
usbnet_get_ethernet_addr(dev, cdc_ether->iMACAddress);
157+
}
158+
159+
/* success! point the user to the management interface */
160+
if (control)
161+
dev_info(&intf->dev, "Use \"" DM_DRIVER "\" for QMI interface %s\n",
162+
dev_name(&control->dev));
163+
164+
/* XXX: add a sysfs symlink somewhere to help management applications find it? */
165+
166+
/* collect bulk endpoints now that we know intf == "data" interface */
167+
status = usbnet_get_endpoints(dev, intf);
168+
169+
err:
170+
return status;
171+
}
172+
173+
/* stolen from cdc_ether.c */
174+
static int qmi_wwan_manage_power(struct usbnet *dev, int on)
175+
{
176+
dev->intf->needs_remote_wakeup = on;
177+
return 0;
178+
}
179+
180+
static const struct driver_info qmi_wwan_info = {
181+
.description = "QMI speaking wwan device",
182+
.flags = FLAG_WWAN,
183+
.bind = qmi_wwan_bind,
184+
.manage_power = qmi_wwan_manage_power,
185+
};
186+
187+
#define HUAWEI_VENDOR_ID 0x12D1
188+
189+
static const struct usb_device_id products[] = {
190+
{
191+
/* Huawei E392, E398 and possibly others sharing both device id and more... */
192+
.match_flags = USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_VENDOR | USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_INFO,
193+
.idVendor = HUAWEI_VENDOR_ID,
194+
.bInterfaceClass = USB_CLASS_VENDOR_SPEC,
195+
.bInterfaceSubClass = 1,
196+
.bInterfaceProtocol = 8, /* NOTE: This is the *slave* interface of the CDC Union! */
197+
.driver_info = (unsigned long)&qmi_wwan_info,
198+
}, {
199+
}, /* END */
200+
};
201+
MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(usb, products);
202+
203+
static struct usb_driver qmi_wwan_driver = {
204+
.name = "qmi_wwan",
205+
.id_table = products,
206+
.probe = usbnet_probe,
207+
.disconnect = usbnet_disconnect,
208+
.suspend = usbnet_suspend,
209+
.resume = usbnet_resume,
210+
.reset_resume = usbnet_resume,
211+
.supports_autosuspend = 1,
212+
};
213+
214+
static int __init qmi_wwan_init(void)
215+
{
216+
return usb_register(&qmi_wwan_driver);
217+
}
218+
module_init(qmi_wwan_init);
219+
220+
static void __exit qmi_wwan_exit(void)
221+
{
222+
usb_deregister(&qmi_wwan_driver);
223+
}
224+
module_exit(qmi_wwan_exit);
225+
226+
MODULE_AUTHOR("Bjørn Mork <[email protected]>");
227+
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Qualcomm MSM Interface (QMI) WWAN driver");
228+
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

0 commit comments

Comments
 (0)