[windows] Add ReactPropertyBag option for DB path initialization

WinAppSDK apps do not support the current methods for setting / retrieving the DB path for the default storage in @react-native-async-storage/async-storage. Specifically, winrt::CoreApplication::Properties() causes a crashes on WinAppSDK.

To work around this, this change adds a specific namespaced key (ReactNativeAsyncStorage.Path) to the ReactPropertyBag for apps to register the overridden DB path for WinAppSDK apps (or apps that otherwise cannot use winrt::CoreApplication::Properties()).

Author: rozele