implement From<Frame> for BacktraceFrame (#420)

* implement From<Frame> for BacktraceFrame

There are situations where we can only capture raw `Frame` (example:
capturing from a signal handler), but it could still be that we can
process them later and are not fully nostd in the environment.

With a conversion from Frame to BacktraceFrame, this is trivial. But
without it, we can't really use the pretty printers as they are reliant
on BacktraceFrame, not Frame.

Fixes: #419

* add test

* fixes for miri

Every backtrace that miri generates - conversion or no conversion, has
totally different addresses. They all resolve to the same thing, though,
so test with that.

* fix another broken test

`cargo test --no-default-features --features std` fails because
frames are not resolved to symbols in that case. We'll just remove the
assert, rather than disabling the whole test on that case. At least the
code paths are stressed.

Author: Glauber Costa

src/capture.rs

@@ -249,6 +249,15 @@ impl From<Vec<BacktraceFrame>> for Backtrace {
     }
 }
 
+impl From<crate::Frame> for BacktraceFrame {
+    fn from(frame: crate::Frame) -> BacktraceFrame {
+        BacktraceFrame {
+            frame: Frame::Raw(frame),
+            symbols: None,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 impl Into<Vec<BacktraceFrame>> for Backtrace {
     fn into(self) -> Vec<BacktraceFrame> {
         self.frames
@@ -518,3 +527,59 @@ mod serde_impls {
         }
     }
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_frame_conversion() {
+        // captures an original backtrace, and makes sure that the manual conversion
+        // to frames yields the same results.
+        let mut bt = Backtrace::new();
+        bt.resolve();
+        let original_frames = bt.frames();
+
+        let mut frames = vec![];
+        crate::trace(|frame| {
+            let converted = BacktraceFrame::from(frame.clone());
+            frames.push(converted);
+            true
+        });
+
+        let mut manual = Backtrace::from(frames);
+        manual.resolve();
+        let frames = manual.frames();
+
+        // the first frames can be different because we call from slightly different places,
+        // and the `trace` version has an extra capture. But because of inlining the number of
+        // frames that differ may be different between release and debug versions. Plus who knows
+        // what the compiler will do in the future. So we just take 4 frames from the end and make
+        // sure they match
+        //
+        // For miri, every backtrace that is taken yields different addresses and different
+        // instruction pointers. That is irrespective of conversion and happens even if
+        // Backtrace::new() is invoked in a row. They all resolve to the same names, though, so to
+        // make sure this works on miri we resolve the symbols and compare the results. It is okay
+        // if some addresses don't have symbols, but if we scan enough frames at least some will do
+        for (converted, og) in frames
+            .iter()
+            .rev()
+            .take(4)
+            .zip(original_frames.iter().rev().take(4))
+        {
+            let converted_symbols = converted.symbols();
+            let og_symbols = og.symbols();
+
+            assert_eq!(og_symbols.len(), converted_symbols.len());
+            for (os, cs) in og_symbols.iter().zip(converted_symbols.iter()) {
+                assert_eq!(
+                    os.name().map(|x| x.as_bytes()),
+                    cs.name().map(|x| x.as_bytes())
+                );
+                assert_eq!(os.filename(), cs.filename());
+                assert_eq!(os.lineno(), cs.lineno());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}