Backport "Run CheckStatic after UncacheGivenAliases" to LTS (#20807)

Backports #19318 to the LTS branch.

PR submitted by the release tooling.
[skip ci]

Author: WojciechMazur

Diff for: compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/Compiler.scala

@@ -65,7 +65,6 @@ class Compiler {
          new CheckReentrant,         // Internal use only: Check that compiled program has no data races involving global vars
          new ElimPackagePrefixes,    // Eliminate references to package prefixes in Select nodes
          new CookComments,           // Cook the comments: expand variables, doc, etc.
-         new CheckStatic,            // Check restrictions that apply to @static members
          new CheckLoopingImplicits,  // Check that implicit defs do not call themselves in an infinite loop
          new BetaReduce,             // Reduce closure applications
          new InlineVals,             // Check right hand-sides of an `inline val`s
@@ -77,6 +76,7 @@ class Compiler {
     List(new ProtectedAccessors,     // Add accessors for protected members
          new ExtensionMethods,       // Expand methods of value classes with extension methods
          new UncacheGivenAliases,    // Avoid caching RHS of simple parameterless given aliases
+         new CheckStatic,            // Check restrictions that apply to @static members
          new ElimByName,             // Map by-name parameters to functions
          new HoistSuperArgs,         // Hoist complex arguments of supercalls to enclosing scope
          new ForwardDepChecks,       // Check that there are no forward references to local vals

Diff for: compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/transform/CheckStatic.scala

@@ -30,6 +30,9 @@ class CheckStatic extends MiniPhase {
 
   override def description: String = CheckStatic.description
 
+  override def runsAfter: Set[String] = Set(UncacheGivenAliases.name)
+    // UncachedGivenAliases eliminates static lazy vals, which are flagged as errors here
+
   override def transformTemplate(tree: tpd.Template)(using Context): tpd.Tree = {
     val defns = tree.body.collect{case t: ValOrDefDef => t}
     var hadNonStaticField = false

Diff for: tests/pos/i19304.scala

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import scala.annotation.static
+trait Foo[A]
+object Foo:
+  @static val foo: Foo[String] = new {}
+  @static given Foo[String] = foo
+
+  def bar =
+    val foo: Foo[String] = new {}
+    given Foo[String] = foo