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Specification

This is the specification of the siva format version 1.

A siva file is composed of a sequence of one or more blocks. Blocks are just concatenated without any additional delimiter.

block 1
...
[block n]

Block

Each block has the following structure:

[file content 1]
...
[file content n]
index

The content of each file is concatenated without any delimiter. After the last file content, there is an index of the block.

It is possible to have a block with no file contents at all. That is the case for a block that deletes a file. In any case, the index must be present.

Index

The index has the following structure:

signature
version
[index entry 1]
...
[index entry n]
[index footer]

The signature field is a sequence of 3 bytes (Go implementation use uint8 for this. Go byte is an alias for uint8 type) with the value IBA. If the signature does not match this sequence, it is considered an error.

The version field is an uint8 with the value 1. If the version contains an unknown value, the implementation is not expected to be able to read the file at all.

Each index entry has the following fields:

  • Byte length of the entry name (uint32).
  • Entry name (UTF-8 string in UNIX format).
  • UNIX mode (uint32), see below.
  • Modification time as UNIX time in nanoseconds (int64).
  • Offset of the file content, relative to the beginning of the block (uint64).
  • Size of the file content (uint64).
  • CRC32 (uint32) (Integrity of the file content this entry points to).
  • Flags (uint32), supported flags: 0x0 (no flags), 0x1 (deleted).

The index footer consists of:

  • Number of entries in the block (uint32).
  • Index size in bytes (uint64).
  • Block size in bytes (uint64).
  • CRC32 (uint32) (Integrity of: Signature + Version + Entries).

All integers are encoded as big endian.

Unix Mode Format

The UNIX mode field has the following format:

     3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
bit  1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
  M +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ L
  S |d|a|l|T|L|D|p|S|u|g|c|t|?| - - - - - - - - - |r|w|x|r|w|x|r|w|x| S
  B +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ B
     @ _ _ _ @ @ @ @ _ _ @ _ @  ← file type bits  |owner|group|other|
     | | | | | | | | | | | | | 	                     access perms
     | | | | | | | | | | | | |- non-regular file
     | | | | | | | | | | | \--- sticky
     | | | | | | | | | | \----- character device (when D is set)
     | | | | | | | | | \------- setgid
     | | | | | | | | \--------- setuid
     | | | | | | | \----------- Unix-domain socket
     | | | | | | \------------- named pipe (FIFO)
     | | | | | \--------------- device file
     | | | | \----------------- symbolic link
     | | | \------------------- temporary file (Plan 9 only)
     | | \--------------------- exclusive use
     | \----------------------- append-only
     \------------------------- directory

All the bits not otherwise labelled are reserved for future use.

Note: This layout is defined by the Go os package and is not the same layout as POSIX. The same layout is used on all systems. See issue #11 for context.

Limitations

The following limits apply to the format as of version 1:

  • File name length: 232-1 bytes.
  • Number of blocks: no limit.
  • Number of entries per block: 232-1
  • Number of total entries: no limit (reference implementation does not support more than 263-1).
  • Block index size: 264-1 bytes.
  • Block size: 264-1 bytes.
  • File entry size: 264-1 bytes.
  • Archive file size: no limit.