Auto merge of #96946 - WaffleLapkin:ptr_mask, r=scottmcm

Add pointer masking convenience functions

This PR adds the following public API:
```rust
impl<T: ?Sized> *const T {
    fn mask(self, mask: usize) -> *const T;
}

impl<T: ?Sized> *mut T {
    fn mask(self, mask: usize) -> *const T;
}

// mod intrinsics
fn mask<T>(ptr: *const T, mask: usize) -> *const T
```
This is equivalent to `ptr.map_addr(|a| a & mask)` but also uses a cool llvm intrinsic.

Proposed in rust-lang/rust#95643 (comment)

cc `@Gankra` `@scottmcm` `@RalfJung`

r? rust-lang/libs-api

Author: bors

core/src/intrinsics.rs

@@ -1287,6 +1287,17 @@ extern "rust-intrinsic" {
     #[rustc_const_stable(feature = "const_ptr_offset", since = "1.61.0")]
     pub fn arith_offset<T>(dst: *const T, offset: isize) -> *const T;
 
+    /// Masks out bits of the pointer according to a mask.
+    ///
+    /// Note that, unlike most intrinsics, this is safe to call;
+    /// it does not require an `unsafe` block.
+    /// Therefore, implementations must not require the user to uphold
+    /// any safety invariants.
+    ///
+    /// Consider using [`pointer::mask`] instead.
+    #[cfg(not(bootstrap))]
+    pub fn ptr_mask<T>(ptr: *const T, mask: usize) -> *const T;
+
     /// Equivalent to the appropriate `llvm.memcpy.p0i8.0i8.*` intrinsic, with
     /// a size of `count` * `size_of::<T>()` and an alignment of
     /// `min_align_of::<T>()`

core/src/ptr/const_ptr.rs

@@ -559,6 +559,21 @@ impl<T: ?Sized> *const T {
         from_raw_parts::<T>(self.cast::<u8>().wrapping_offset(count).cast::<()>(), metadata(self))
     }
 
+    /// Masks out bits of the pointer according to a mask.
+    ///
+    /// This is convenience for `ptr.map_addr(|a| a & mask)`.
+    ///
+    /// For non-`Sized` pointees this operation changes only the data pointer,
+    /// leaving the metadata untouched.
+    #[cfg(not(bootstrap))]
+    #[unstable(feature = "ptr_mask", issue = "98290")]
+    #[must_use = "returns a new pointer rather than modifying its argument"]
+    #[inline(always)]
+    pub fn mask(self, mask: usize) -> *const T {
+        let this = intrinsics::ptr_mask(self.cast::<()>(), mask);
+        from_raw_parts::<T>(this, metadata(self))
+    }
+
     /// Calculates the distance between two pointers. The returned value is in
     /// units of T: the distance in bytes divided by `mem::size_of::<T>()`.
     ///

core/src/ptr/mut_ptr.rs

@@ -575,6 +575,21 @@ impl<T: ?Sized> *mut T {
         )
     }
 
+    /// Masks out bits of the pointer according to a mask.
+    ///
+    /// This is convenience for `ptr.map_addr(|a| a & mask)`.
+    ///
+    /// For non-`Sized` pointees this operation changes only the data pointer,
+    /// leaving the metadata untouched.
+    #[cfg(not(bootstrap))]
+    #[unstable(feature = "ptr_mask", issue = "98290")]
+    #[must_use = "returns a new pointer rather than modifying its argument"]
+    #[inline(always)]
+    pub fn mask(self, mask: usize) -> *mut T {
+        let this = intrinsics::ptr_mask(self.cast::<()>(), mask) as *mut ();
+        from_raw_parts_mut::<T>(this, metadata(self))
+    }
+
     /// Returns `None` if the pointer is null, or else returns a unique reference to
     /// the value wrapped in `Some`. If the value may be uninitialized, [`as_uninit_mut`]
     /// must be used instead.