chore: improve repo templates (#46629)

## What?

- Rendering `next info` output as code in the bug template
- Removed the "Feature Request" issue template, in favor of a more
granular discussion template
- Added a minimal template for Help discussions

## Why?

The main part of this PR is the new Feature Request template.

Anyone can propose a change to Next.js. However adding new features
often requires community discussions - whether to align expectations,
understand the consequences (eg.: backward compatibility/lifetime of a
feature), to look at and understand historical reasons for the current
behavior or lack of the feature -, which [GitHub
discussions](https://github.com/vercel/next.js/discussions) is more
suited for than issues.

## How?

- Utilizing the new discussion templates
https://docs.github.com/en/discussions/managing-discussions-for-your-community/creating-discussion-category-forms
- Adding a link to the [new
issue](https://github.com/vercel/next.js/issues/new/choose) view to make
it easier to discover

[Slack
thread](https://vercel.slack.com/archives/C04DUD7EB1B/p1670874727319809)

Closes NEXT-742

---------

Author: balazsorban44

Diff for: .github/DISCUSSION_TEMPLATE/help.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+body:
+  - type: textarea
+    attributes:
+      label: Summary
+      description: What do you need help with?
+    validations:
+      required: true
+  - type: textarea
+    attributes:
+      label: Additional information
+      description: Any code snippets, error messages, or dependency details that may be related? (`next info`)
+      render: js
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: input
+    attributes:
+      label: Example
+      description: A link to a minimal reproduction is helpful for collaborative debugging!
+    validations:
+      required: false

Diff for: .github/DISCUSSION_TEMPLATE/ideas.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+body:
+  - type: textarea
+    attributes:
+      label: Goals
+      description: Short list of what the feature request aims to address?
+      value: |
+        1.
+        2.
+        3.
+    validations:
+      required: true
+  - type: textarea
+    attributes:
+      label: Non-Goals
+      description: Short list of what the feature request _does not_ aim to address?
+      value: |
+        1.
+        2.
+        3.
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: textarea
+    attributes:
+      label: Background
+      description: Discuss prior art, why do you think this feature is needed? Are there current alternatives?
+    validations:
+      required: true
+  - type: textarea
+    attributes:
+      label: Proposal
+      description: How should this feature be implemented? Are you interested in contributing?
+    validations:
+      required: true

Diff for: .github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/1.bug_report.yml

@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@ labels: ['template: bug']
 body:
   - type: markdown
     attributes:
-      value: 'NOTE: [examples](https://github.com/vercel/next.js/tree/canary/examples) related issue should be reported using [this](https://github.com/vercel/next.js/issues/new?assignees=&labels=type%3A+example%2Ctemplate%3A+bug&template=2.example_bug_report.yml) issue template instead.'
-  - type: markdown
-    attributes:
-      value: If you leave out sections there is a high likelihood it will be moved to the GitHub Discussions ["Help" section](https://github.com/vercel/next.js/discussions/categories/help).
+      value: |
+        *Note:* If you leave out sections, the issue might be moved to the ["Help" section](https://github.com/vercel/next.js/discussions/categories/help).
+        [examples](https://github.com/vercel/next.js/tree/canary/examples) related issue should be reported using [this](https://github.com/vercel/next.js/issues/new?assignees=&labels=type%3A+example%2Ctemplate%3A+bug&template=2.example_bug_report.yml) issue template instead.
+        Feature requests should be opened as [discussions](https://github.com/vercel/next.js/discussions/new?category=ideas). [Read more](https://github.com/vercel/next.js/blob/canary/contributing/core/adding-features.md).
   - type: checkboxes
     attributes:
       label: Verify canary release
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ body:
     attributes:
       label: Provide environment information
       description: Please run `next info` in the root directory of your project and paste the results. You might need to use `npx --no-install next info` if next is not in the current PATH.
+      render: bash
     validations:
       required: true
   - type: dropdown

Diff for: .github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/2.example_bug_report.yml

@@ -4,10 +4,9 @@ labels: ['area: examples']
 body:
   - type: markdown
     attributes:
-      value: Thanks for taking the time to file a bug report for [one of the examples](https://github.com/vercel/next.js/tree/canary/examples)! Please fill out this form as completely as possible.
-  - type: markdown
-    attributes:
-      value: If you leave out sections there is a high likelihood it will be moved to the GitHub Discussions ["Help" section](https://github.com/vercel/next.js/discussions/categories/help).
+      value: |
+        *Note:* If you leave out sections, the issue might be moved to the ["Help" section](https://github.com/vercel/next.js/discussions/categories/help).
+        Thanks for taking the time to file a bug report for [one of the examples](https://github.com/vercel/next.js/tree/canary/examples)! Please fill out this form as completely as possible.
   - type: checkboxes
     attributes:
       label: Verify canary release
@@ -19,6 +18,7 @@ body:
     attributes:
       label: Provide environment information
       description: Please run `next info` in the root directory of your project and paste the results. You might need to use `npx --no-install next info` if next is not in the current PATH.
+      render: bash
     validations:
       required: true
   - type: input

Diff for: .github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/3.feature_request.yml

@@ -3,3 +3,6 @@ contact_links:
   - name: Ask a question
     url: https://github.com/vercel/next.js/discussions
     about: Ask questions and discuss with other community members
+  - name: Feature request
+    url: https://github.com/vercel/next.js/discussions/new?category=ideas
+    about: Feature requests should be opened as discussions

Diff for: .github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/config.yml

@@ -29,5 +29,6 @@ To contribute to [our examples](./examples), please see
 - [Building](./contributing/core/building.md)
 - [Testing](./contributing/core/testing.md)
 - [Adding Error Links](./contributing/core/adding-error-links.md)
+- [Adding a new feature](./contributing/core/adding-features.md)
 - [Developing Using Local App](./contributing/core/developing-using-local-app.md)
 <!-- - [Using the VS Code Debugger](./contributing/core/vscode-debugger.md) -->

Diff for: contributing.md

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# Adding a new feature
+
+Anyone can propose a change to Next.js. However, adding new features often requires community discussions before proceeding with the implementation.
+
+Therefore, before opening a PR, you should use the [Feature Request discussion template](https://github.com/vercel/next.js/discussions/new?category=ideas) and collect feedback.
+
+## Why use a discussion?
+
+The discussion's goal is to achieve the following:
+
+1. **Verify the validity of the feature request**: The community can upvote discussions. Highly upvoted feature requests are more likely to be considered.
+2. **Understanding the consequences**: Any feature added to Next.js is likely to be around for a while and _has to be maintained_. This means that a new feature has to cover many use cases, needs to consider how it affects the ecosystem, and so on.
+3. **Looking at and understanding historical reasons for the current behavior or lack of the feature**: There might be a reason why a feature does not exist, or why the current implementation is in a certain way. There must be solid reasoning to change this, as the feature needs to be maintained even after it is added. (See 2.). Next.js has a strong policy on not breaking features, so any new feature has to be added in a way that makes it possible to incrementally adopt it.
+
+## Examples
+
+The Next.js team uses RFCs (Request For Comment), which you can find in [this discussion category](https://github.com/vercel/next.js/discussions/categories/rfc). Reading through these, you can get a better understanding of what is expected to be included in a good feature request.

Diff for: contributing/core/adding-features.md

@@ -2,9 +2,10 @@
 
 Repository maintainers triage every issue and PR opened in the repository.
 
+> Note: Feature requests should be opened as discussions, filling out [this template](https://github.com/vercel/next.js/discussions/new?category=ideas).
+
 Issues are opened with one of these labels:
 
-- `template: story` - a feature request, converted to an [💡 Ideas discussion](https://github.com/vercel/next.js/discussions/categories/ideas)
 - `template: bug` - unverified issue with Next.js itself, or one of the examples in the [`examples`](https://github.com/vercel/next.js/tree/canary/examples) folder
 - `template: documentation` - feedback for improvement or an unverified issue with the Next.js documentation