app.js

import Vue from 'vue'
import VueRouter from 'vue-router'

Vue.use(VueRouter)

// The matching uses path-to-regexp, which is the matching engine used
// by express as well, so the same matching rules apply.
// For detailed rules, see https://github.com/pillarjs/path-to-regexp
const router = new VueRouter({
  mode: 'history',
  base: __dirname,
  routes: [
    { path: '/' },
    // params are denoted with a colon ":"
    { path: '/params/:foo/:bar' },
    // a param can be made optional by adding "?"
    { path: '/optional-params/:foo?' },
    // a param can be followed by a regex pattern in parens
    // this route will only be matched if :id is all numbers
    { path: '/params-with-regex/:id(\\d+)' },
    // asterisk can match anything
    { path: '/asterisk/*' },
    // make part of the path optional by wrapping with parens and add "?"
    { path: '/optional-group/(foo/)?bar' }
  ]
})

new Vue({
  router,
  template: `
    <div id="app">
      <h1>Route Matching</h1>
      <ul>
        <li><router-link to="/">/</router-link></li>
        <li><router-link to="/params/foo/bar">/params/foo/bar</router-link></li>
        <li><router-link to="/optional-params">/optional-params</router-link></li>
        <li><router-link to="/optional-params/foo">/optional-params/foo</router-link></li>
        <li><router-link to="/params-with-regex/123">/params-with-regex/123</router-link></li>
        <li><router-link to="/params-with-regex/abc">/params-with-regex/abc</router-link></li>
        <li><router-link to="/asterisk/foo">/asterisk/foo</router-link></li>
        <li><router-link to="/asterisk/foo/bar">/asterisk/foo/bar</router-link></li>
        <li><router-link to="/optional-group/bar">/optional-group/bar</router-link></li>
        <li><router-link to="/optional-group/foo/bar">/optional-group/foo/bar</router-link></li>
      </ul>
      <p>Route context</p>
      <pre>{{ JSON.stringify($route, null, 2) }}</pre>
    </div>
  `
}).$mount('#app')