Cannot build sample/drivers/video/capture for Raspberry Pi 4b (rpi_4b).

[moc67331]

I encountered a build failure when trying to build sample/drivers/video/capture for Raspberry Pi 4b (rpi_4b).

(venv) myusername@mymacbook zephyr % west build -b rpi_4b --build-dir ./build_videocapture ./samples/drivers/video/capture 
-- west build: generating a build system
Loading Zephyr default modules (Zephyr base).
-- Application: /Users/myusername/myfile/zephyr/zephyr/samples/drivers/video/capture
-- CMake version: 3.30.3
-- Found Python3: /Users/myusername/myfile/zephyr/venv/bin/python3 (found suitable version "3.9.6", minimum required is "3.8") found components: Interpreter
-- Cache files will be written to: /Users/myusername/Library/Caches/zephyr
-- Zephyr version: 3.7.99 (/Users/myusername/myfile/zephyr/zephyr)
-- Found west (found suitable version "1.2.0", minimum required is "0.14.0")
-- Board: rpi_4b, qualifiers: bcm2711
-- ZEPHYR_TOOLCHAIN_VARIANT not set, trying to locate Zephyr SDK
-- Found host-tools: zephyr 0.16.8 (/Users/myusername/myfile/tmp/zephyr-sdk-0.16.8)
-- Found toolchain: zephyr 0.16.8 (/Users/myusername/myfile/tmp/zephyr-sdk-0.16.8)
-- Found Dtc: /opt/homebrew/bin/dtc (found suitable version "1.7.1", minimum required is "1.4.6")
-- Found BOARD.dts: /Users/myusername/myfile/zephyr/zephyr/boards/raspberrypi/rpi_4b/rpi_4b.dts
-- Generated zephyr.dts: /Users/myusername/myfile/zephyr/zephyr/build_videocapture/zephyr/zephyr.dts
-- Generated devicetree_generated.h: /Users/myusername/myfile/zephyr/zephyr/build_videocapture/zephyr/include/generated/zephyr/devicetree_generated.h
-- Including generated dts.cmake file: /Users/myusername/myfile/zephyr/zephyr/build_videocapture/zephyr/dts.cmake
Parsing /Users/myusername/myfile/zephyr/zephyr/Kconfig
Loaded configuration '/Users/myusername/myfile/zephyr/zephyr/boards/raspberrypi/rpi_4b/rpi_4b_defconfig'
Merged configuration '/Users/myusername/myfile/zephyr/zephyr/samples/drivers/video/capture/prj.conf'
Configuration saved to '/Users/myusername/myfile/zephyr/zephyr/build_videocapture/zephyr/.config'
Kconfig header saved to '/Users/myusername/myfile/zephyr/zephyr/build_videocapture/zephyr/include/generated/zephyr/autoconf.h'
-- Found GnuLd: /Users/myusername/myfile/tmp/zephyr-sdk-0.16.8/aarch64-zephyr-elf/aarch64-zephyr-elf/bin/ld.bfd (found version "2.38")
-- The C compiler identification is GNU 12.2.0
-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 12.2.0
-- The ASM compiler identification is GNU
-- Found assembler: /Users/myusername/myfile/tmp/zephyr-sdk-0.16.8/aarch64-zephyr-elf/bin/aarch64-zephyr-elf-gcc
-- The following deprecated component(s) could not be found: toolchain_ld_base
-- The following deprecated component(s) could not be found: toolchain_ld_baremetal
-- Using ccache: /opt/homebrew/bin/ccache
CMake Warning at /Users/myusername/myfile/zephyr/zephyr/CMakeLists.txt:952 (message):
  No SOURCES given to Zephyr library: drivers__display

  Excluding target from build.


-- Configuring done (4.9s)
-- Generating done (0.2s)
-- Build files have been written to: /Users/myusername/myfile/zephyr/zephyr/build_videocapture
-- west build: building application
[1/142] Preparing syscall dependency handling

[2/142] Generating include/generated/zephyr/version.h
-- Zephyr version: 3.7.99 (/Users/myusername/myfile/zephyr/zephyr), build: e4e59cc15aca
[137/142] Linking C executable zephyr/zephyr_pre0.elf
FAILED: zephyr/zephyr_pre0.elf zephyr/zephyr_pre0.map /Users/myusername/myfile/zephyr/zephyr/build_videocapture/zephyr/zephyr_pre0.map 
: && ccache /Users/myusername/myfile/tmp/zephyr-sdk-0.16.8/aarch64-zephyr-elf/bin/aarch64-zephyr-elf-gcc  -gdwarf-4 zephyr/CMakeFiles/zephyr_pre0.dir/misc/empty_file.c.obj -o zephyr/zephyr_pre0.elf  zephyr/CMakeFiles/offsets.dir/./arch/arm64/core/offsets/offsets.c.obj  -fuse-ld=bfd  -T  zephyr/linker_zephyr_pre0.cmd  -Wl,-Map=/Users/myusername/myfile/zephyr/zephyr/build_videocapture/zephyr/zephyr_pre0.map  -Wl,--whole-archive  app/libapp.a  zephyr/libzephyr.a  zephyr/arch/common/libarch__common.a  zephyr/arch/arch/arm64/core/libarch__arm64__core.a  zephyr/lib/libc/picolibc/liblib__libc__picolibc.a  zephyr/lib/libc/common/liblib__libc__common.a  zephyr/lib/posix/options/liblib__posix__options.a  zephyr/drivers/interrupt_controller/libdrivers__interrupt_controller.a  zephyr/drivers/rpi4bvideo/libdrivers__rpi4bvideo.a  zephyr/drivers/console/libdrivers__console.a  zephyr/drivers/serial/libdrivers__serial.a  zephyr/drivers/timer/libdrivers__timer.a  zephyr/drivers/video/libdrivers__video.a  -Wl,--no-whole-archive  zephyr/kernel/libkernel.a  -L"/Users/myusername/myfile/tmp/zephyr-sdk-0.16.8/aarch64-zephyr-elf/bin/../lib/gcc/aarch64-zephyr-elf/12.2.0"  -L/Users/myusername/myfile/zephyr/zephyr/build_videocapture/zephyr  -lgcc  zephyr/arch/common/libisr_tables.a  -mcpu=cortex-a72  -mabi=lp64  -Wl,--gc-sections  -Wl,--build-id=none  -Wl,--sort-common=descending  -Wl,--sort-section=alignment  -Wl,-u,_OffsetAbsSyms  -Wl,-u,_ConfigAbsSyms  -nostdlib  -static  -Wl,-X  -Wl,-N  -Wl,--orphan-handling=warn  -Wl,-no-pie  -DPICOLIBC_DOUBLE_PRINTF_SCANF  --specs=picolibc.specs  -lc  -lgcc && cd /Users/myusername/myfile/zephyr/zephyr/build_videocapture/zephyr && /opt/homebrew/Cellar/cmake/3.30.3/bin/cmake -E true
/Users/myusername/myfile/tmp/zephyr-sdk-0.16.8/aarch64-zephyr-elf/bin/../lib/gcc/aarch64-zephyr-elf/12.2.0/../../../../aarch64-zephyr-elf/bin/ld.bfd: zephyr/zephyr_pre0.elf section `noinit' will not fit in region `RAM'
/Users/myusername/myfile/tmp/zephyr-sdk-0.16.8/aarch64-zephyr-elf/bin/../lib/gcc/aarch64-zephyr-elf/12.2.0/../../../../aarch64-zephyr-elf/bin/ld.bfd: region `RAM' overflowed by 1765376 bytes
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
ninja: build stopped: subcommand failed.
FATAL ERROR: command exited with status 1: /opt/homebrew/bin/cmake --build /Users/myusername/myfile/zephyr/zephyr/build_videocapture

After checking the bcm2711 memory map (see https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/bcm2711/bcm2711-peripherals.pdf) and the corresponding DTS file, I found that there seemed to be enough available memory. I then modified the DTS file as follows, and it successfully built.

sram0: memory@200000 {
    device_type = "memory";
    compatible = "mmio-sram";
    reg = <0x200000 0x280000>;
};

Has anyone else achieved the same result?. I’m not an expert in this field, so I apologize if I’m mistaken.

Environment

• OS: MacBook (M1Pro 14.6.1)
• Compiler: Zephyr SDK (I didn't use the host or LLVM compilers)
• cmake: 3.30.3

thank you.