feat: added nodeVersion Addon to blockGitHubActionsCI

[JoshuaKGoldberg]

PR Checklist

• Addresses an existing open issue: fixes 🚀 Feature: Turn the Node.js version used in CI into an Addon for blockGitHubActionsCI #2183
• That issue was marked as status: accepting prs
• Steps in CONTRIBUTING.md were taken

Overview

Includes an intake method so it can be inferred from disk.

🎁

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 99.77%. Comparing base (c5e6c46) to head (17ddd1b).
Report is 1 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main    #2189   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   99.77%   99.77%           
=======================================
  Files         134      134           
  Lines        5856     5887   +31     
  Branches      468      476    +8     
=======================================
+ Hits         5843     5874   +31     
  Misses         13       13           

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[github-actions]

🎉 This is included in version v2.38.0 🎉

The release is available on:

• GitHub releases
• npm package (@latest dist-tag)

Cheers! 📦🚀