More tests for TPU accelerator in Lite

[awaelchli]

What does this PR do?

This PR adopts remaining tests from PL for Lite. Similar to #14901 etc.
This is based on #14926 and should be debugged/merged after CI is enabled again.

Before submitting

• Was this discussed/approved via a GitHub issue? (not for typos and docs)
• Did you read the contributor guideline, Pull Request section?
• Did you make sure your PR does only one thing, instead of bundling different changes together?
• Did you make sure to update the documentation with your changes? (if necessary)
• Did you write any new necessary tests? (not for typos and docs)
• Did you verify new and existing tests pass locally with your changes?
• Did you update the CHANGELOG? (not for typos, docs, test updates, or internal minor changes/refactorings)

PR review

Anyone in the community is free to review the PR once the tests have passed.
Before you start reviewing make sure you have read Review guidelines. In short, see the following bullet-list:

• Is this pull request ready for review? (if not, please submit in draft mode)
• Check that all items from Before submitting are resolved
• Make sure the title is self-explanatory and the description concisely explains the PR
• Add labels and milestones (and optionally projects) to the PR so it can be classified

Did you have fun?

I made sure I had fun coding 🙃

cc @kaushikb11 @rohitgr7 @carmocca @justusschock @awaelchli @Borda

[carmocca]

You should also check out the tests in tests/tests_pytorch/models/test_tpu.py. Here on in a separate PR

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #14960 (7f5010f) into master (4bad54f) will increase coverage by 2%.
The diff coverage is n/a.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff            @@
##           master   #14960     +/-   ##
=========================================
+ Coverage      83%      85%     +2%     
=========================================
  Files         400      280    -120     
  Lines       29498    21519   -7979     
=========================================
- Hits        24413    18223   -6190     
+ Misses       5085     3296   -1789