Added dynamic_programming/range_sum_query.py

[XenoBytesX]

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• Add an algorithm?
• Fix a bug or typo in an existing algorithm?
• Add or change doctests? -- Note: Please avoid changing both code and tests in a single pull request.
• Documentation change?

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• I have read CONTRIBUTING.md.
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• This PR only changes one algorithm file. To ease review, please open separate PRs for separate algorithms.
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