update kubernetes compatibility matrix

[everettraven]

Description of the change:

• In the docs, update the Kubernetes compatibility matrix table to include the Kubernetes version that the binaries were tested against for a given version and the client-go version that the binary was built with.

Motivation for the change:

• Fixes the version choices of operator-sdk #6072

Checklist

If the pull request includes user-facing changes, extra documentation is required:

• Add a new changelog fragment in changelog/fragments (see changelog/fragments/00-template.yaml)
• Add or update relevant sections of the docs website in website/content/en/docs

[jberkhahn]

/lgtm

[everettraven]

@jberkhahn would you mind adding an approving review? I can't merge it currently since there are no approving reviews and only an lgtm label.

[jberkhahn]

@everettraven done