doc: streamline Error and Argument sections

[phip1611]

Streamline all # Errors and # Arguments sections. This is about
the style, not the content. The advantage of this streamlined and
consistent style, is that new contributions can follow the guideline.

This however is only a partial solution, in case we ever want to have a
100% streamlined documentation across the whole crate.

No major changes have been made with a few small exceptions, where I
deleted obviously wrong or irrelevant error codes.

Checklist

• Sensible git history (for example, squash "typo" or "fix" commits). See the Rewriting History guide for help.
• Update the changelog (if necessary)

[nicholasbishop]

Some quick notes:

1. Looks like the blank line after a doc section (e.g. after /// # Examples) has been deleted. I don't know if it's documented as recommended anywhere, but most Rust code I see puts a blank line there, so I'd prefer to keep it.
2. +1 to consistently using Arguments instead of the mix of Arguments/Parameters, and to consistently using # section instead of # section:, and to using Status::* instead of uefi::Status::*.
3. I don't have a strong opinion on what the best formatting of error lists is, but if we're using sentence form rather than a colon, lets standardize on using "if" as the connecting word (currently there's a mix of "if" and "when").
4. This would also be good to break into smaller PRs, e.g. one for any substantive changes ("deleted obviously wrong or irrelevant error codes"), one for uefi::Status -> Status, etc.