boards: qemu: Add support for qemu_max board

boards/qemu/max/Kconfig

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+# Copyright 2024-2025 HNU-ESNL: Guoqi Xie, Chenglai Xiong, Xingyu Hu and etc.
+# Copyright 2024-2025 openEuler SIG-Zephyr
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

boards/qemu/max/Kconfig.defconfig

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+# Copyright 2024-2025 HNU-ESNL: Guoqi Xie, Chenglai Xiong, Xingyu Hu and etc.
+# Copyright 2024-2025 openEuler SIG-Zephyr
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+if BOARD_QEMU_MAX
+
+config BUILD_OUTPUT_BIN
+	default y
+
+config MAX_THREAD_BYTES
+	default 3
+
+# QEMU PCI requires at least 256M of virtual space
+config KERNEL_VM_SIZE
+	default 0x80000000 if PCIE
+
+# QEMU PCI requires physical addresses with more than 32 bits
+choice ARM64_VA_BITS
+	default ARM64_VA_BITS_40 if PCIE
+endchoice
+
+choice ARM64_PA_BITS
+	default ARM64_PA_BITS_40 if PCIE
+endchoice
+
+if QEMU_ICOUNT
+
+config QEMU_ICOUNT_SHIFT
+	default 4
+
+config QEMU_ICOUNT_SLEEP
+	default y
+
+endif # QEMU_ICOUNT
+
+endif # BOARD_QEMU_MAX

boards/qemu/max/Kconfig.qemu_max

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+# Copyright 2024-2025 HNU-ESNL: Guoqi Xie, Chenglai Xiong, Xingyu Hu and etc.
+# Copyright 2024-2025 openEuler SIG-Zephyr
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+config BOARD_QEMU_MAX
+	select SOC_QEMU_MAX

boards/qemu/max/board.cmake

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+# Copyright 2024-2025 HNU-ESNL: Guoqi Xie, Chenglai Xiong, Xingyu Hu and etc.
+# Copyright 2024-2025 openEuler SIG-Zephyr
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+set(SUPPORTED_EMU_PLATFORMS qemu)
+set(QEMU_ARCH aarch64)
+
+set(QEMU_CPU_TYPE_${ARCH} max)
+
+if(CONFIG_ARMV8_A_NS)
+set(QEMU_MACH virt,gic-version=3)
+else()
+set(QEMU_MACH virt,secure=on,gic-version=3)
+endif()
+
+set(QEMU_FLAGS_${ARCH}
+  -cpu ${QEMU_CPU_TYPE_${ARCH}}
+  -nographic
+  -machine ${QEMU_MACH}
+  )
+
+board_set_debugger_ifnset(qemu)

boards/qemu/max/board.yml

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+board:
+  name: qemu_max
+  full_name: QEMU Emulation for ARM MAX
+  vendor: arm
+  socs:
+  - name: qemu_max
+    variants:
+    - name: smp

boards/qemu/max/doc/index.rst

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+.. zephyr:board:: qemu_max
+
+Overview
+********
+
+This board configuration will use QEMU to emulate a generic MAX hardware
+platform.
+
+This configuration provides support for an ARM MAX CPU and these
+devices:
+
+* GIC-400 interrupt controller
+* ARM architected timer
+* PL011 UART controller
+
+Hardware
+********
+Supported Features
+==================
+
+The following hardware features are supported:
+
++--------------+------------+----------------------+
+| Interface    | Controller | Driver/Component     |
++==============+============+======================+
+| GIC          | on-chip    | interrupt controller |
++--------------+------------+----------------------+
+| PL011 UART   | on-chip    | serial port          |
++--------------+------------+----------------------+
+| ARM TIMER    | on-chip    | system clock         |
++--------------+------------+----------------------+
+
+The kernel currently does not support other hardware features on this platform.
+
+Devices
+========
+System Clock
+------------
+
+This board configuration uses a system clock frequency of 62.5 MHz.
+
+Serial Port
+-----------
+
+This board configuration uses a single serial communication channel with the
+CPU's UART0.
+
+Known Problems or Limitations
+==============================
+
+The following platform features are unsupported:
+
+* Writing to the hardware's flash memory
+
+
+Programming and Debugging
+*************************
+
+Use this configuration to run basic Zephyr applications and kernel tests in the QEMU
+emulated environment, for example, with the :zephyr:code-sample:`synchronization` sample:
+
+.. zephyr-app-commands::
+   :zephyr-app: samples/synchronization
+   :host-os: unix
+   :board: qemu_max
+   :goals: run
+
+This will build an image with the synchronization sample app, boot it using
+QEMU, and display the following console output:
+
+.. code-block:: console
+
+        ***** Booting Zephyr OS build zephyr-v2.0.0-1657-g99d310da48e5 *****
+        threadA: Hello World from cpu 0 on qemu_max!
+        threadB: Hello World from cpu 0 on qemu_max!
+        threadA: Hello World from cpu 0 on qemu_max!
+        threadB: Hello World from cpu 0 on qemu_max!
+        threadA: Hello World from cpu 0 on qemu_max!
+        threadB: Hello World from cpu 0 on qemu_max!
+        threadA: Hello World from cpu 0 on qemu_max!
+        threadB: Hello World from cpu 0 on qemu_max!
+
+Exit QEMU by pressing :kbd:`CTRL+A` :kbd:`x`.
+
+Debugging
+=========
+
+Refer to the detailed overview about :ref:`application_debugging`.
+
+Networking
+==========
+
+The board supports the QEMU built-in Ethernet adapter to connect to the host
+system. See :ref:`networking_with_eth_qemu` for details.
+
+It is also possible to use SLIP networking over an emulated serial port.
+Although this board only supports a single UART, so subsystems like logging
+and shell would need to be disabled, therefore this is not directly supported.
+
+References
+**********
+
+.. target-notes::
+
+1. (ID050815) ARM® Cortex®-A Series - Programmer’s Guide for ARMv8-A
+2. (ID070919) Arm® Architecture Reference Manual - Armv8, for Armv8-A architecture profile
+3. (ARM DAI 0527A) Application Note Bare-metal Boot Code for ARMv8-A Processors
+4. AArch64 Exception and Interrupt Handling
+5. Fundamentals of ARMv8-A

boards/qemu/max/qemu_max.dts

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+/*
+ * Copyright 2024-2025 HNU-ESNL: Guoqi Xie, Chenglai Xiong, Xingyu Hu and etc.
+ * Copyright 2024-2025 openEuler SIG-Zephyr
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ */
+
+/dts-v1/;
+#include <arm64/qemu/qemu-virt-max.dtsi>
+
+/ {
+	model = "QEMU MAX";
+	compatible = "qemu,arm-max";
+
+	psci {
+		compatible = "arm,psci-0.2";
+		method = "hvc";
+	};
+
+	chosen {
+		zephyr,sram = &sram0;
+		zephyr,console = &uart0;
+		zephyr,shell-uart = &uart0;
+		zephyr,flash = &flash0;
+	};
+
+	soc {
+		sram0: memory@40000000 {
+			compatible = "mmio-sram";
+			reg = <0x0 0x40000000 0x0 DT_SIZE_M(128)>;
+		};
+	};
+
+};
+
+&uart0 {
+	status = "okay";
+	current-speed = <115200>;
+};

boards/qemu/max/qemu_max.yaml

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+identifier: qemu_max
+name: QEMU Emulation for ARM MAX
+type: qemu
+simulation:
+  - name: qemu
+arch: arm64
+toolchain:
+  - zephyr
+  - cross-compile
+ram: 128
+testing:
+  default: true
+  ignore_tags:
+    - net
+    - bluetooth
+vendor: qemu

boards/qemu/max/qemu_max_defconfig

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+CONFIG_ARM_ARCH_TIMER=y
+
+# Cache management
+CONFIG_CACHE_MANAGEMENT=y
+
+# Enable UART driver
+CONFIG_SERIAL=y
+
+# Enable console
+CONFIG_CONSOLE=y
+CONFIG_UART_CONSOLE=y
+
+# Enable serial port
+CONFIG_UART_INTERRUPT_DRIVEN=y
+
+# Avoid timing skew in tests
+CONFIG_QEMU_ICOUNT=y
+
+
+# MMU Options
+CONFIG_MAX_XLAT_TABLES=32

boards/qemu/max/qemu_max_qemu_max_smp.dts

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+/*
+ * Copyright 2024-2025 HNU-ESNL: Guoqi Xie, Chenglai Xiong, Xingyu Hu and etc.
+ * Copyright 2024-2025 openEuler SIG-Zephyr
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ */
+
+#include "qemu_max.dts"

boards/qemu/max/qemu_max_qemu_max_smp.yaml

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+identifier: qemu_max/qemu_max/smp
+name: QEMU Emulation for MAX SMP (ARM)
+type: qemu
+simulation:
+  - name: qemu
+arch: arm64
+toolchain:
+  - zephyr
+  - cross-compile
+ram: 128
+supported:
+  - smp
+testing:
+  default: true
+  ignore_tags:
+    - net
+    - bluetooth
+vendor: qemu

boards/qemu/max/qemu_max_qemu_max_smp_defconfig

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+CONFIG_ARM_ARCH_TIMER=y
+
+# Cache management
+CONFIG_CACHE_MANAGEMENT=y
+
+# Enable UART driver
+CONFIG_SERIAL=y
+
+# Enable console
+CONFIG_CONSOLE=y
+CONFIG_UART_CONSOLE=y
+
+# Enable serial port
+CONFIG_UART_INTERRUPT_DRIVEN=y
+
+# icount does not work well with SMP
+CONFIG_QEMU_ICOUNT=n
+
+# We have multiple QEMU-A53 boards, so let us exercise ARMV8_A_NS on this one
+# (plus it is needed for SMP)
+CONFIG_ARMV8_A_NS=y
+
+# PSCI is supported with NS
+CONFIG_PM_CPU_OPS=y
+
+# SMP-related
+CONFIG_SMP=y
+CONFIG_MP_MAX_NUM_CPUS=2
+CONFIG_TIMEOUT_64BIT=y
+
+# MMU Options
+CONFIG_MAX_XLAT_TABLES=32